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Moreover, treatment of paracoccidioidomycosis, a systemic mycosis caused by a dimorphic fungus, requires prolonged therapeutic regimens. Among the numerous factors underpinning the establishment of Paracoccidioides spp. infection, the capacity to transition from the mycelial to the yeast form is of pivotal importance. The Drk1 protein of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis likely plays a decisive role in this morphological shift and subsequent virulence. We identified peptides with affinity for the PbDrk1 protein using the phage-display method and assessed the effects of these peptides on P. brasiliensis. The peptides were found to inhibit the phase transition of P. brasiliensis. Furthermore, a substantial proportion of these peptides prevented adhesion to pneumocytes. Although these peptides may not possess inherent antifungal properties, they can augment the effects of certain antifungal agents. Notably, the cell wall architecture of P. brasiliensis appears to be modulated by peptide intervention, resulting in a reduced abundance of glycosylated proteins and lipids. These peptides were also evaluated for their efficacy in a Galleria mellonella model and shown to contribute to enhanced larval survival rates. The role of PbDrk1, which is notably absent in mammals, should be further investigated to improve the understanding of its functional role in P. brasiliensis, which may be helpful for designing novel therapeutic modalities.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jof9100980","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,29]],"date-time":"2023-09-29T07:42:08Z","timestamp":1695973328000},"page":"980","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Polypeptides Targeting Paracoccidioides brasiliensis Drk1"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9306-7404","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Caroline Maria","family":"Marcos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, S\u00e3o Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara 14800-903, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5760-4209","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Haroldo Cesar","family":"de Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, S\u00e3o Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara 14800-903, Brazil"},{"name":"Instituto Carlos Chagas, Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Curitiba 81350-010, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5556-2671","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patricia Akemi","family":"Assato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, S\u00e3o Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara 14800-903, Brazil"},{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio Central de Multiusu\u00e1rios, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias Agron\u00f4micas, Campus Botucatu, UNESP\u2014Universidade Estadual Paulista, S\u00e3o Paulo 18610-034, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lariane Teodoro","family":"de Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, S\u00e3o Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara 14800-903, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nath\u00e1lia","family":"Fregonezi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, S\u00e3o Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara 14800-903, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8328-9054","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kelvin Sousa","family":"dos Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, S\u00e3o Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara 14800-903, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5752-6367","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Caroline Barcelos","family":"Costa-Orlandi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, S\u00e3o Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara 14800-903, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ana Marisa","family":"Fusco-Almeida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, S\u00e3o Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara 14800-903, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8059-0826","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Jos\u00e9 Soares","family":"Mendes-Giannini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, S\u00e3o Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara 14800-903, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kim, J.H., Cheng, L.W., and Land, K.M. 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