{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T23:22:23Z","timestamp":1789428143177,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,4]],"date-time":"2023-10-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1696377600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003141","name":"Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnolog\u00eda","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FC 2015-02-834"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FC 2015-02-834"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003141","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003141","name":"Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnolog\u00eda","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2019-6380"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019-6380"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003141","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003141","name":"Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnolog\u00eda","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CONACYT-M\u00e9xico"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CONACYT-M\u00e9xico"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003141","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Red Tem\u00e1tica Glicociencia en Salud","award":["FC 2015-02-834"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FC 2015-02-834"]}]},{"name":"Red Tem\u00e1tica Glicociencia en Salud","award":["2019-6380"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019-6380"]}]},{"name":"Red Tem\u00e1tica Glicociencia en Salud","award":["CONACYT-M\u00e9xico"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CONACYT-M\u00e9xico"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JoF"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Sporotrichosis is a cutaneous mycosis that affects humans and animals and has a worldwide distribution. This infection is mainly caused by Sporothrix schenckii, Sporothrix brasiliensis, and Sporothrix globosa. Current research about anti-Sporothrix immunity has been mainly focused on S. schenckii and S. brasiliensis, using different types of human or animal immune cells. Granulocytes are a group of cells relevant for cytokine production, with the capacity for phagocytosis and the generation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). Considering their importance, this study aimed to compare the capacity of human granulocytes to stimulate cytokines, uptake, and form NETs when interacting with different Sporothrix species. We found that conidia, germlings, and yeast-like cells from S. schenckii, S. brasiliensis, and S. globosa play an important role in the interaction with these immune cells, establishing morphology- and species-specific cytokine profiles. S. brasil-iensis tended to stimulate an anti-inflammatory cytokine profile, whilst the other two species had a proinflammatory one. S. globosa cells were the most phagocytosed cells, which occurred through a dectin-1-dependent mechanism, while the uptake of S. brasiliensis mainly occurred via TLR4 and CR3. Cell wall N-linked and O-linked glycans, along with \u03b2-1,3-glucan, played a significant role in the interaction of these Sporothrix species with human granulocytes. Finally, this study indicates that conidia and yeast-like cells are capable of inducing NETs, with the latter being a better stimulant. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that reports the cytokine profiles produced by human granulocytes interacting with Sporothrix cells.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jof9100986","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,4]],"date-time":"2023-10-04T11:58:57Z","timestamp":1696420737000},"page":"986","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Differential Recognition of Clinically Relevant Sporothrix Species by Human Granulocytes"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Ana K.","family":"Galv\u00e1n-Hern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Biolog\u00eda, Divisi\u00f3n de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Campus Guanajuato, Universidad de Guanajuato, Noria Alta s\/n, col. Noria Alta, C.P., Guanajuato Gto. 36050, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manuela","family":"G\u00f3mez-Gaviria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Biolog\u00eda, Divisi\u00f3n de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Campus Guanajuato, Universidad de Guanajuato, Noria Alta s\/n, col. Noria Alta, C.P., Guanajuato Gto. 36050, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iv\u00e1n","family":"Mart\u00ednez-Duncker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Glicobiolog\u00eda Humana y Diagn\u00f3stico Molecular, Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n en Din\u00e1mica Celular, Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n en Ciencias B\u00e1sicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca Mor. 62209, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4987-086X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 A.","family":"Mart\u00ednez-\u00c1lvarez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Biolog\u00eda, Divisi\u00f3n de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Campus Guanajuato, Universidad de Guanajuato, Noria Alta s\/n, col. Noria Alta, C.P., Guanajuato Gto. 36050, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6973-0595","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"H\u00e9ctor M.","family":"Mora-Montes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Biolog\u00eda, Divisi\u00f3n de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Campus Guanajuato, Universidad de Guanajuato, Noria Alta s\/n, col. Noria Alta, C.P., Guanajuato Gto. 36050, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.3114\/sim.2022.101.02","article-title":"Generic boundaries in the Ophiostomatales reconsidered and revised","volume":"101","author":"Procter","year":"2022","journal-title":"Stud. 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