{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T02:41:42Z","timestamp":1760150502307,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,27]],"date-time":"2023-11-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701043200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Basque Government project","award":["IT 913-16","GIU21\/07"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IT 913-16","GIU21\/07"]}]},{"name":"University of the Basque Country project","award":["IT 913-16","GIU21\/07"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IT 913-16","GIU21\/07"]}]},{"name":"Collaborative Research Project among UPV\/EHU Groups","award":["IT 913-16","GIU21\/07"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IT 913-16","GIU21\/07"]}]},{"name":"Department of Education, Universities, and Research of the Basque Government (Programa de Formaci\u00f3n de Personal Investigador No Doctor)","award":["IT 913-16","GIU21\/07"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IT 913-16","GIU21\/07"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JoF"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is a prevalent condition affecting women worldwide. This study aimed to develop a rapid qPCR assay for the accurate identification of VVC etiological agents and reduced azole susceptibility. One hundred and twenty nine vaginal samples from an outpatient clinic (Bilbao, Spain) were analyzed using culture-based methods and a multiplex qPCR targeting fungal species, which identified Candida albicans as the predominant species (94.2%). Antifungal susceptibility tests revealed reduced azole susceptibility in three (3.48%) isolates. Molecular analysis identified several mutations in genes associated with azole resistance as well as novel mutations in TAC1 and MRR1 genes. In conclusion, we developed a rapid multiplex qPCR assay that detects C. albicans in vulvovaginal specimens and reported new mutations in resistance-related genes that could contribute to azole resistance.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jof9121145","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,27]],"date-time":"2023-11-27T07:56:10Z","timestamp":1701071770000},"page":"1145","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Molecular Identification of Fungal Species through Multiplex-qPCR to Determine Candidal Vulvovaginitis and Antifungal Susceptibility"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"In\u00e9s","family":"Arrieta-Aguirre","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing I, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country UPV\/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Biscay, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pilar","family":"Men\u00e9ndez-Manj\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing I, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country UPV\/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Biscay, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Parasitology, University of the Basque Country UPV\/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Biscay, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3117-7517","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giulia","family":"Carrano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Parasitology, University of the Basque Country UPV\/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Biscay, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ander","family":"Diez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Parasitology, University of the Basque Country UPV\/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Biscay, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"\u00cd\u00f1igo","family":"Fernandez-de-Larrinoa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Applied Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV\/EHU, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Gipuzkoa, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7272-8610","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mar\u00eda-Dolores","family":"Moragues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing I, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country UPV\/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Biscay, Spain"},{"name":"IIS BioCruces Bizkaia, 48903 Barakaldo, Biscay, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2017.01.012","article-title":"Development of a real-time PCR assay for the direct detection of Candida species causing Vulvovaginal candidiasis","volume":"88","author":"Tardif","year":"2017","journal-title":"Diagn. 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