{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T20:14:39Z","timestamp":1777752879141,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,29]],"date-time":"2020-04-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1588118400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000319","name":"Alzheimer's Research Trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ARUK-PCRF2016A-1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ARUK-PCRF2016A-1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000319","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010269","name":"Wellcome Trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["216340\/Z\/19\/Z"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["216340\/Z\/19\/Z"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010269","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Seventh Framework Programme","award":["601055"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["601055"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000304","name":"Parkinson's UK","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["F1301"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["F1301"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000304","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"NIHR Sheffield Biomedical Research Centre (BRC)","award":["NA"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NA"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JPM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Alzheimer\u2019s disease (AD) is diagnosed using neuropsychological testing, supported by amyloid and tau biomarkers and neuroimaging abnormalities. The cause of neuropsychological changes is not clear since they do not correlate with biomarkers. This study investigated if changes in cellular metabolism in AD correlate with neuropsychological changes. Fibroblasts were taken from 10 AD patients and 10 controls. Metabolic assessment included measuring total cellular ATP, extracellular lactate, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), mitochondrial respiration and glycolytic function. All participants were assessed with neuropsychological testing and brain structural MRI. AD patients had significantly lower scores in delayed and immediate recall, semantic memory, phonemic fluency and Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE). AD patients also had significantly smaller left hippocampal, left parietal, right parietal and anterior medial prefrontal cortical grey matter volumes. Fibroblast MMP, mitochondrial spare respiratory capacity (MSRC), glycolytic reserve, and extracellular lactate were found to be lower in AD patients. MSRC\/MMP correlated significantly with semantic memory, immediate and delayed episodic recall. Correlations between MSRC and delayed episodic recall remained significant after controlling for age, education and brain reserve. Grey matter volumes did not correlate with MRSC\/MMP. AD fibroblast metabolic assessment may represent an emergent disease biomarker of AD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm10020032","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,29]],"date-time":"2020-04-29T13:23:45Z","timestamp":1588166625000},"page":"32","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Deficits in Mitochondrial Spare Respiratory Capacity Contribute to the Neuropsychological Changes of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2781-6478","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simon M.","family":"Bell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385a Glossop Road, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matteo","family":"De Marco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385a Glossop Road, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katy","family":"Barnes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385a Glossop Road, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pamela J.","family":"Shaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385a Glossop Road, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Ferraiuolo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385a Glossop Road, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8886-1283","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel J.","family":"Blackburn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385a Glossop Road, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Heather","family":"Mortiboys","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385a Glossop Road, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Annalena","family":"Venneri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385a Glossop Road, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2016.07.150","article-title":"The worldwide costs of dementia 2015 and comparisons with 2010","volume":"13","author":"Wimo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s Dement."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)01124-1","article-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"388","author":"Scheltens","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1764","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.59.11.1764","article-title":"Survival following a diagnosis of Alzheimer disease","volume":"59","author":"Brookmeyer","year":"2002","journal-title":"Arch. 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