{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T18:36:40Z","timestamp":1790620600090,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,23]],"date-time":"2021-02-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614038400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008530","name":"European Regional Development Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["GINOP-2.3.2-15-2016-00048 - STAY ALIVE"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GINOP-2.3.2-15-2016-00048 - STAY ALIVE"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008530","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008530","name":"European Regional Development Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["EFOP 3.6.2-16-2017-00006 \u2013 LIVE LONGER"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EFOP 3.6.2-16-2017-00006 \u2013 LIVE LONGER"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008530","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JPM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Hemodynamic optimization remains the cornerstone of resuscitation in the treatment of sepsis and septic shock. Delay or inadequate management will inevitably lead to hypoperfusion, tissue hypoxia or edema, and fluid overload, leading eventually to multiple organ failure, seriously affecting outcomes. According to a large international survey (FENICE study), physicians frequently use inadequate indices to guide fluid management in intensive care units. Goal-directed and \u201crestrictive\u201d infusion strategies have been recommended by guidelines over \u201cliberal\u201d approaches for several years. Unfortunately, these \u201cfixed regimen\u201d treatment protocols neglect the patient\u2019s individual needs, and what is shown to be beneficial for a given population may not be so for the individual patient. However, applying multimodal, contextualized, and personalized management could potentially overcome this problem. The aim of this review was to give an insight into the pathophysiological rationale and clinical application of this relatively new approach in the hemodynamic management of septic patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm11020157","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,23]],"date-time":"2021-02-23T12:40:16Z","timestamp":1614084016000},"page":"157","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Individualized Hemodynamic Management in Sepsis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Marcell","family":"Vir\u00e1g","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of P\u00e9cs, 7624 P\u00e9cs, Hungary"},{"name":"Szent Gy\u00f6rgy University Teaching Hospital of Fej\u00e9r County, 8000 Sz\u00e9kesfeh\u00e9rv\u00e1r, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7910-0084","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tamas","family":"Leiner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of P\u00e9cs, 7624 P\u00e9cs, Hungary"},{"name":"Anaesthetic Department, North West Anglia NHS Foundation Trust, Hinchingbrooke Hospital, Huntingdon PE29 6NT, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0743-5595","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mate","family":"Rottler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of P\u00e9cs, 7624 P\u00e9cs, Hungary"},{"name":"Szent Gy\u00f6rgy University Teaching Hospital of Fej\u00e9r County, 8000 Sz\u00e9kesfeh\u00e9rv\u00e1r, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Klementina","family":"Ocskay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of P\u00e9cs, 7624 P\u00e9cs, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1468-4058","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zsolt","family":"Molnar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of P\u00e9cs, 7624 P\u00e9cs, Hungary"},{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland"},{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Markusovszky Teaching Hospital, 9700 Szombathely, Hungary"},{"name":"Multidisciplinary Doctoral School, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"472","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e31826ab377","article-title":"Extra-Vascular Lung Water Is An Independent Prognostic Factor In Patients With Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome","volume":"41","author":"Jozwiak","year":"2012","journal-title":"Crit. 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