{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T00:52:41Z","timestamp":1785372761946,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,14]],"date-time":"2021-04-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1618358400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JPM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The microbiota has been reported to be correlated with carcinogenesis and cancer progression. However, its involvement in the pathology of mesothelioma remains unknown. In this study, we aimed to identify mesothelioma-specific microbiota using resected or biopsied mesothelioma samples. Eight mesothelioma tissue samples were analyzed via polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The operational taxonomic units (OTUs) of the effective tags were analyzed in order to determine the taxon composition of each sample. For the three patients who underwent extra pleural pneumonectomy, normal peripheral lung tissues adjacent to the tumor were also included, and the same analysis was performed. In total, 61 OTUs were identified in the tumor and lung tissues, which were classified into 36 species. Streptococcus australis and Ralstonia pickettii were identified as abundant species in almost all tumor and lung samples. Streptococcus australis and Ralstonia pickettii were found to comprise mesothelioma-specific microbiota involved in tumor progression; thus, they could serve as targets for the prevention of mesothelioma.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm11040297","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,14]],"date-time":"2021-04-14T15:30:39Z","timestamp":1618414239000},"page":"297","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Streptococcus australis and Ralstonia pickettii as Major Microbiota in Mesotheliomas"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Rumi","family":"Higuchi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Lung Cancer and Respiratory Disease Center, Yamanashi Central Hospital, Yamanashi 400-8506, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2560-3639","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Taichiro","family":"Goto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lung Cancer and Respiratory Disease Center, Yamanashi Central Hospital, Yamanashi 400-8506, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8002-834X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yosuke","family":"Hirotsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genome Analysis Center, Yamanashi Central Hospital, Yamanashi 400-8506, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sotaro","family":"Otake","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lung Cancer and Respiratory Disease Center, Yamanashi Central Hospital, Yamanashi 400-8506, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toshio","family":"Oyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Yamanashi Central Hospital, Yamanashi 400-8506, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenji","family":"Amemiya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genome Analysis Center, Yamanashi Central Hospital, Yamanashi 400-8506, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1145-0969","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hitoshi","family":"Mochizuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genome Analysis Center, Yamanashi Central Hospital, Yamanashi 400-8506, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masao","family":"Omata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genome Analysis Center, Yamanashi Central Hospital, Yamanashi 400-8506, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/1394191","article-title":"Human Lung Microbiome on the Way to Cancer","volume":"2019","author":"Kovaleva","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Immunol. Res."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2017.11.036","article-title":"Interplay between the lung microbiome and lung cancer","volume":"415","author":"Mao","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cancer Lett."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114513002560","article-title":"Intestinal microbiota, diet and health","volume":"111","author":"Power","year":"2014","journal-title":"Br. J. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Goto, T. (2020). Airway Microbiota as a Modulator of Lung Cancer. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 21.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21093044"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Laborda-Illanes, A., Sanchez-Alcoholado, L., Dominguez-Recio, M.E., Jimenez-Rodriguez, B., Lavado, R., Comino-M\u00e9ndez, I., Alba, E., and Queipo-Ortu\u00f1o, M.I. (2020). Breast and Gut Microbiota Action Mechanisms in Breast Cancer Pathogenesis and Treatment. Cancers, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers12092465"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-18-0966","article-title":"The Microbiome in Lung Cancer Tissue and Recurrence-Free Survival","volume":"28","author":"Peters","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol. Biomark. Prev."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2019.07.008","article-title":"Tumor Microbiome Diversity and Composition Influence Pancreatic Cancer Outcomes","volume":"178","author":"Riquelme","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1186\/s12943-019-1008-0","article-title":"The microbiota and Microbiome in Pancreatic Cancer: More Influential than Expected","volume":"18","author":"Wei","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mol. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200226","DOI":"10.1183\/16000617.0226-2020","article-title":"Update on biology and management of mesothelioma","volume":"30","author":"Asciak","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur. Respir. Rev."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cakiroglu, E., and Senturk, S. (2020). Genomics and Functional Genomics of Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 21.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21176342"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S86","DOI":"10.21037\/tlcr.2020.01.08","article-title":"Surgery for pleural mesothelioma, when it is indicated and why: Arguments against surgery for malignant pleural mesothelioma","volume":"9","author":"Woodard","year":"2020","journal-title":"Transl. Lung Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"579464","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2020.579464","article-title":"Therapeutic Landscape of Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma: Collateral Vulnerabilities and Evolutionary Dependencies in the Spotlight","volume":"10","author":"Xu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.126516.111","article-title":"Fusobacterium nucleatum infection is prevalent in human colorectal carcinoma","volume":"22","author":"Castellarin","year":"2012","journal-title":"Genome. Res."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-18-1295","article-title":"Fusobacterium nucleatum in the Colorectum and Its Association with Cancer Risk and Survival: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis","volume":"29","author":"Coleman","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol. Biomark. Prev."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2015.01.010","article-title":"Binding of the Fap2 protein of Fusobacterium nucleatum to human inhibitory receptor TIGIT protects tumors from immune cell attack","volume":"42","author":"Gur","year":"2015","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2013.07.007","article-title":"Fusobacterium nucleatum potentiates intestinal tumorigenesis and modulates the tumor-immune microenvironment","volume":"14","author":"Kostic","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2013.07.012","article-title":"Fusobacterium nucleatum promotes colorectal carcinogenesis by modulating E-cadherin\/beta-catenin signaling via its FadA adhesin","volume":"14","author":"Rubinstein","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtho.2015.11.005","article-title":"The 2015 World Health Organization Classification of Tumors of the Pleura: Advances since the 2004 Classification","volume":"11","author":"Churg","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Thorac. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3426","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.950","article-title":"Touch imprint cytology with massively parallel sequencing (TIC-seq): A simple and rapid method to snapshot genetic alterations in tumors","volume":"5","author":"Amemiya","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cancer Med."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59268","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.19538","article-title":"Distribution of circulating tumor DNA in lung cancer: Analysis of the primary lung and bone marrow along with the pulmonary venous and peripheral blood","volume":"8","author":"Goto","year":"2017","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Higuchi, R., Nakagomi, T., Goto, T., Hirotsu, Y., Shikata, D., Yokoyama, Y., Otake, S., Amemiya, K., Oyama, T., and Mochizuki, H. (2020). Identification of Clonality through Genomic Profile Analysis in Multiple Lung Cancers. J. Clin. Med., 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9020573"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nakagomi, T., Goto, T., Hirotsu, Y., Shikata, D., Yokoyama, Y., Higuchi, R., Otake, S., Amemiya, K., Oyama, T., and Mochizuki, H. (2018). Genomic Characteristics of Invasive Mucinous Adenocarcinomas of the Lung and Potential Therapeutic Targets of B7-H3. Cancers, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers10120478"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nakagomi, T., Hirotsu, Y., Goto, T., Shikata, D., Yokoyama, Y., Higuchi, R., Otake, S., Amemiya, K., Oyama, T., and Mochizuki, H. (2019). Clinical Implications of Noncoding Indels in the Surfactant-Encoding Genes in Lung Cancer. Cancers, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers11040552"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1541","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtho.2020.05.023","article-title":"Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Lung with Micropapillary Pattern","volume":"15","author":"Oyama","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Thorac. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1007\/s12032-016-0744-x","article-title":"Analysis of tumor-derived DNA in plasma and bone marrow fluid in lung cancer patients","volume":"33","author":"Goto","year":"2016","journal-title":"Med. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.21037\/jtd.2018.12.88","article-title":"The microbiome and lung cancer","volume":"11","author":"Maddi","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Thorac. Dis."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trecan.2019.12.007","article-title":"The Influence of Lung Microbiota on Lung Carcinogenesis, Immunity, and Immunotherapy","volume":"6","author":"Isla","year":"2020","journal-title":"Trends Cancer"},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1554","DOI":"10.21037\/tlcr-20-156","article-title":"Microbiota dysbiosis in lung cancer: Evidence of association and potential mechanisms","volume":"9","author":"Xu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Transl. Lung Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6199","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.73.10.6199-6209.2005","article-title":"Cholesterol-dependent cytolysins, a family of versatile pore-forming toxins","volume":"73","author":"Tweten","year":"2005","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2014.09.006","article-title":"Airways microbiota: Hidden Trojan horses in asbestos exposed individuals?","volume":"83","author":"Magouliotis","year":"2014","journal-title":"Med. Hypotheses"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1042\/BC20050082","article-title":"Bacterial protein toxins and lipids: Pore formation or toxin entry into cells","volume":"98","author":"Geny","year":"2006","journal-title":"Biol. Cell"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1277","DOI":"10.1099\/00207713-51-4-1277","article-title":"Streptococcus australis sp. nov., a novel oral streptococcus","volume":"51","author":"Willcox","year":"2001","journal-title":"Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1834-7819.1996.tb05922.x","article-title":"Identification and classification of species within the Streptococcus sanguis group","volume":"41","author":"Willcox","year":"1996","journal-title":"Aust. Dent. J."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zheng, W., Tan, T.K., Paterson, I.C., Mutha, N.V., Siow, C.C., Tan, S.Y., Old, L.A., Jakubovics, N.S., and Choo, S.W. (2016). StreptoBase: An Oral Streptococcus mitis Group Genomic Resource and Analysis Platform. PLoS ONE, 11.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0151908"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"897","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1348-0421.1995.tb03275.x","article-title":"Transfer of two Burkholderia and an Alcaligenes species to Ralstonia gen. Nov.: Proposal of Ralstonia pickettii (Ralston, Palleroni and Doudoroff 1973) comb. Nov., Ralstonia solanacearum (Smith 1896) comb. Nov. and Ralstonia eutropha (Davis 1969) comb. Nov","volume":"39","author":"Yabuuchi","year":"1995","journal-title":"Microbiol. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"754","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2672.2007.03361.x","article-title":"Ralstonia pickettii in environmental biotechnology: Potential and applications","volume":"103","author":"Ryan","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Appl. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-013-1975-9","article-title":"Ralstonia spp.: Emerging global opportunistic pathogens","volume":"33","author":"Ryan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2005.08.015","article-title":"Ralstonia pickettii: A persistent gram-negative nosocomial infectious organism","volume":"62","author":"Ryan","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Hosp. Infect."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2739","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-020-03452-8","article-title":"The lung microbiota: Role in maintaining pulmonary immune homeostasis and its implications in cancer development and therapy","volume":"77","author":"Sommariva","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell. Mol. Life Sci."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2093","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2020-322368","article-title":"Screening and eradication of Helicobacter pylori for gastric cancer prevention: The Taipei global consensus","volume":"69","author":"Liou","year":"2020","journal-title":"Gut"}],"container-title":["Journal of Personalized Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2075-4426\/11\/4\/297\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T05:47:49Z","timestamp":1760161669000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2075-4426\/11\/4\/297"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,14]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]}},"alternative-id":["jpm11040297"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jpm11040297","relation":{},"ISSN":["2075-4426"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2075-4426","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,14]]}}}