{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T01:34:34Z","timestamp":1792805674896,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,10]],"date-time":"2021-06-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1623283200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2018R1D1A1B07049959"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018R1D1A1B07049959"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Institute of Information &amp; Communications Technology Planning and Evaluation","award":["2020-0-01343"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020-0-01343"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01g0hqq23","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JPM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Objective: This nested case\u2013control study aimed to investigate the effects of VEGFA polymorphisms on the development of bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) in women with osteoporosis. Methods: Eleven single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the VEGFA were assessed in a total of 125 patients. Logistic regression was performed for multivariable analysis. Machine learning algorithms, namely, fivefold cross-validated multivariate logistic regression, elastic net, random forest, and support vector machine, were developed to predict risk factors for BRONJ occurrence. Area under the receiver-operating curve (AUROC) analysis was conducted to assess clinical performance. Results: The VEGFA rs881858 was significantly associated with BRONJ development. The odds of BRONJ development were 6.45 times (95% CI, 1.69\u201324.65) higher among carriers of the wild-type rs881858 allele compared with variant homozygote carriers after adjusting for covariates. Additionally, variant homozygote (GG) carriers of rs10434 had higher odds than those with wild-type allele (OR, 3.16). Age \u2265 65 years (OR, 16.05) and bisphosphonate exposure \u2265 36 months (OR, 3.67) were also significant risk factors for BRONJ occurrence. AUROC values were higher than 0.78 for all machine learning methods employed in this study. Conclusion: Our study showed that the BRONJ occurrence was associated with VEGFA polymorphisms in osteoporotic women.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm11060541","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,10]],"date-time":"2021-06-10T13:31:39Z","timestamp":1623331899000},"page":"541","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Machine Learning Approaches for Predicting Bisphosphonate-Related Osteonecrosis in Women with Osteoporosis Using VEGFA Gene Polymorphisms"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1672-5730","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jin-Woo","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07985, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeong","family":"Yee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03760, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sang-Hyeon","family":"Oh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, College of Pharmacy, Hanyang University, 55 Hanyangdaehak-ro, Sangnok-gu, Ansan 15588, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sun-Hyun","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07985, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sun-Jong","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07985, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5608-1530","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jee-Eun","family":"Chung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, College of Pharmacy, Hanyang University, 55 Hanyangdaehak-ro, Sangnok-gu, Ansan 15588, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0278-2563","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hye-Sun","family":"Gwak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03760, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1567","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joms.2005.07.010","article-title":"Bisphosphonate-induced exposed bone (osteonecrosis\/osteopetrosis) of the jaws: Risk factors, recognition, prevention, and treatment","volume":"63","author":"Marx","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. 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