{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T23:28:44Z","timestamp":1790465324762,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,18]],"date-time":"2021-06-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1623974400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Cancer Center, Korea","award":["NCC2031580-1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NCC2031580-1"]}]},{"name":"National Cancer Center, Korea","award":["NCC2010241"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NCC2010241"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JPM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of a personalized 3D-printed thyroid model that characterizes a patient\u2019s individual thyroid lesion. The randomized controlled prospective clinical trial (KCT0005069) was designed. Fifty-three of these patients undergoing thyroid surgery were randomly assigned to two groups: with or without a 3D-printed model of their thyroid lesion when obtaining informed consent. We used a U-Net-based deep learning architecture and a mesh-type 3D modeling technique to fabricate the personalized 3D model. The mean 3D printing time was 258.9 min, and the mean price for production was USD 4.23 for each patient. The size, location, and anatomical relationship of the tumor and thyroid gland could be effectively presented using the mesh-type 3D modeling technique. The group provided with personalized 3D-printed models showed significant improvement in all four categories (general knowledge, benefits and risks of surgery, and satisfaction; all p &lt; 0.05). All patients received a personalized 3D model after surgery and found it helpful to understand the disease, operation, and possible complications and their overall satisfaction (all p &lt; 0.05). In conclusion, the personalized 3D-printed thyroid model may be an effective tool for improving a patient\u2019s understanding and satisfaction during the informed consent process.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm11060574","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,18]],"date-time":"2021-06-18T11:19:20Z","timestamp":1624015160000},"page":"574","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["A Personalized 3D-Printed Model for Obtaining Informed Consent Process for Thyroid Surgery: A Randomized Clinical Study Using a Deep Learning Approach with Mesh-Type 3D Modeling"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6473-6015","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jungirl","family":"Seok","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Cancer Center, Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Goyang-si 10408, Korea"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sungmin","family":"Yoon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Cancer Center, Division of Convergence Technology, Goyang-si 10408, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chang Hwan","family":"Ryu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Cancer Center, Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Goyang-si 10408, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seok-ki","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Cancer Center, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Goyang-si 10408, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junsun","family":"Ryu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Cancer Center, Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Goyang-si 10408, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuh-Seog","family":"Jung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Cancer Center, Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Goyang-si 10408, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-9020.2007.00059.x","article-title":"Consent and Informed Consent: Their Ongoing Evolutions in Clinical Care and Research on Humans","volume":"2","author":"Mazur","year":"2008","journal-title":"Sociol. 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