{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,24]],"date-time":"2025-10-24T08:25:28Z","timestamp":1761294328421,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,20]],"date-time":"2021-06-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1624147200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JPM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Systemic Sclerosis (SSc) is a chronic disease associated with a 1.5-fold increase in cancer risk, including lung cancer, hematological malignancies, and breast cancer (BC). This is a retrospective study aiming to explore the clinical and pathological features of BC developed by SSc patients. A total of 54.5% of patients developed BC before SSc (median interval: 5 years), whereas 45.5% of patients developed BC after SSc (median delay: 8 years). A total of 93.1% of patients were diagnosed with an early stage tumor. Among invasive carcinomas, 70.8% presented with a low Mib1, 8.3% with a tubular histotype, and 42.8% with a Luminal A-like phenotype. A total of 66.6% of patients underwent breast-conserving surgery and 55.5% RT. A total of 40% of patients developed interstitial lung disease after RT and 20% diffuse cutaneous SSc. The cause of death of the six deceased patients was PAH. A significant association was observed between the use of immunosuppressive therapy and diffuse skin extension, negative ACA, positive Anti-Scl-70, and interstitial lung disease, but not BC status. SSc patients developed BC at a good prognosis, suggesting a de-escalation strategy of cancer therapies. In particular, ionizing radiation and chemotherapeuticals should be limited to higher-risk cases. Finally, proper screening is mandatory in order to allow for early cancer detection in SSc patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm11060580","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,20]],"date-time":"2021-06-20T22:00:02Z","timestamp":1624226402000},"page":"580","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Clinical and Pathological Features of Breast Cancer in Systemic Sclerosis: Results from the Sclero-Breast Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1854-6701","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Angela","family":"Toss","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology and Hematology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Modena, 41124 Modena, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Transplant Surgery, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine Relevance, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amelia","family":"Spinella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SSc Unit, Rheumatology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Modena, 41124 Modena, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chrystel","family":"Isca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology and Hematology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Modena, 41124 Modena, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Caterina","family":"Vacchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SSc Unit, Rheumatology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Modena, 41124 Modena, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guido","family":"Ficarra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pathology Unit, University Hospital of Modena, 41124 Modena, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luca","family":"Fabbiani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pathology Unit, University Hospital of Modena, 41124 Modena, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Iannone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Transplant Surgery, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine Relevance, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luca","family":"Magnani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology Unit, Azienda Unit\u00e0 Sanitaria Locale (AUSL)-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paola","family":"Castrignan\u00f2","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SSc Unit, Rheumatology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Modena, 41124 Modena, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pierluca","family":"Macrip\u00f2","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SSc Unit, Rheumatology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Modena, 41124 Modena, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elisa","family":"Gasparini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oncology Unit, Azienda Unit\u00e0 Sanitaria Locale (AUSL)-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4875-6977","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simonetta","family":"Piana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pathology Unit, Azienda Unit\u00e0 Sanitaria Locale (AUSL)-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8950-8561","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura","family":"Cortesi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology and Hematology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Modena, 41124 Modena, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antonino","family":"Maiorana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pathology Unit, University Hospital of Modena, 41124 Modena, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carlo","family":"Salvarani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SSc Unit, Rheumatology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Modena, 41124 Modena, Italy"},{"name":"Rheumatology Unit, Azienda Unit\u00e0 Sanitaria Locale (AUSL)-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Massimo","family":"Dominici","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology and Hematology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Modena, 41124 Modena, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dilia","family":"Giuggioli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SSc Unit, Rheumatology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Modena, 41124 Modena, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"202","article-title":"Scleroderma (systemic sclerosis): Classification, subsets and pathogenesis","volume":"15","author":"LeRoy","year":"1988","journal-title":"J. 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