{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T07:45:44Z","timestamp":1791618344191,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":195,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,31]],"date-time":"2021-08-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1630368000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Fondo de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain","award":["PI15\/00303"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PI15\/00303"]}]},{"name":"Fondo de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain","award":["PI18\/00540"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PI18\/00540"]}]},{"name":"Fondo de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain","award":["RETICS RD16\/0006\/0004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RETICS RD16\/0006\/0004"]}]},{"name":"Junta de Extremadura, Spain","award":["GR18145  ."],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GR18145  ."]}]},{"name":"Junta de Extremadura, Spain","award":["IB16170"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IB16170"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JPM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Dopaminergic deficiency, shown by many studies using functional neuroimaging with Single Photon Emission Computerized Tomography (SPECT) and Positron Emission Tomography (PET), is the most consistent neurochemical feature of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behaviour disorder (RBD) and, together with transcranial ultrasonography, and determination of alpha-synuclein in certain tissues, should be considered as a reliable marker for the phenoconversion of idiopathic RBD (iRBD) to a synucleopathy (Parkinson\u2019s disease \u2013PD- or Lewy body dementia -LBD). The possible role in the pathogenesis of RBD of other neurotransmitters such as noradrenaline, acetylcholine, and excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters; hormones such as melatonin, and proinflammatory factors have also been suggested by recent reports. In general, brain perfusion and brain glucose metabolism studies have shown patterns resembling partially those of PD and LBD. Finally, the results of structural and functional MRI suggest the presence of structural changes in deep gray matter nuclei, cortical gray matter atrophy, and alterations in the functional connectivity within the basal ganglia, the cortico-striatal, and the cortico-cortical networks, but they should be considered as preliminary.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm11090880","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,31]],"date-time":"2021-08-31T21:59:45Z","timestamp":1630447185000},"page":"880","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Neurochemical Features of Rem Sleep Behaviour Disorder"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7558-7323","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"F\u00e9lix","family":"Jim\u00e9nez-Jim\u00e9nez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Neurology, Hospital Universitario del Sureste, Arganda del Rey, C\/Marroquina 14, 3 B, E28030 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hortensia","family":"Alonso-Navarro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Neurology, Hospital Universitario del Sureste, Arganda del Rey, C\/Marroquina 14, 3 B, E28030 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Garc\u00eda-Mart\u00edn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UNEx, ARADyAL, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, University Institute of Molecular Pathology, E10071 C\u00e1ceres, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"Ag\u00fandez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UNEx, ARADyAL, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, University Institute of Molecular Pathology, E10071 C\u00e1ceres, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/9.2.293","article-title":"Chronic behavioral disorders of human REM sleep: A new category of parasomnia","volume":"9","author":"Schenck","year":"1986","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1786","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1987.03390130104038","article-title":"Rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder: A treatable parasomnia affecting older adults","volume":"257","author":"Schenck","year":"1987","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2011.08.004","article-title":"Diagnostic tools for REM sleep behavior disorder","volume":"16","author":"Neikrug","year":"2012","journal-title":"Sleep Med. 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