{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]],"date-time":"2026-03-13T08:22:45Z","timestamp":1773390165183,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":80,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,14]],"date-time":"2022-03-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1647216000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JPM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: The increasing incidence of ischemic stroke has led to the search for a novel biomarker to predict the course of disease and the risk of mortality. Recently, the role of the soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) as a biomarker and indicator of immune system activation has been widely examined. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to assess the dynamics of changes in serum levels of suPAR in ischemic stroke and to evaluate the prognostic value of suPAR in determining mortality risk. Methods: Eighty patients from the Department of Neurology, diagnosed with ischemic stroke, were enrolled in the study. Residual blood was obtained from all the patients on the first, third and seventh days after their ischemic stroke and the concentrations of suPAR and C-reactive protein (CRP), as well as the number of leukocytes and National Institute of Health\u2019s Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores, were evaluated. Results: On the first day of ischemic stroke, the average suPAR concentration was 6.55 ng\/mL; on the third day, it was 8.29 ng\/mL; on the seventh day, it was 9.16 ng\/mL. The average CRP concentration on the first day of ischemic stroke was 4.96 mg\/L; on the third day, it was 11.76 mg\/L; on the seventh day, it was 17.17 mg\/L. The number of leukocytes on the first day of ischemic stroke was 7.32 \u00d7 103\/mm3; on the third day, it was 9.27 \u00d7 103\/mm3; on the seventh day, it was 10.41 \u00d7 103\/mm3. Neurological condition, which was assessed via the NIHSS, on the first day of ischemic stroke, was scored at 10.71 points; on the third day, it was scored at 12.34 points; on the seventh day, it was scored at 13.75 points. An increase in the values of all the evaluated parameters on the first, third and seventh days of hospitalisation was observed. The patients with hypertension, ischemic heart disease and type 2 diabetes showed higher suPAR and CRP concentrations at the baseline as well as on subsequent days of hospitalisation. The greatest sensitivity and specificity were characterised by suPAR-3, where a value above 10.5 ng\/mL resulted in a significant increase in mortality risk. Moreover, an NIHSS-1 score above 12 points and a CRP-3 concentration above 15.6 mg\/L significantly increased the risk of death in the course of the disease. Conclusions: The plasma suPAR concentration after ischemic stroke is strongly related to the patient\u2019s clinical status, with a higher concentration on the first and third days of stroke resulting in a poorer prognosis at a later stage of treatment. Therefore, assessing the concentration of this parameter has important prognostic value.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm12030457","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,16]],"date-time":"2022-03-16T22:09:58Z","timestamp":1647468598000},"page":"457","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Personalised Approach to Diagnosing and Managing Ischemic Stroke with a Plasma-Soluble Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator Receptor"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9167-1624","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katarzyna","family":"\u015ami\u0142owska","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, 5th Regional Hospital in Sosnowiec, Plac Medyk\u00f3w 1, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marek","family":"\u015ami\u0142owski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Partyka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Danuta","family":"Kokoci\u0144ska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2956-7890","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Przemys\u0142aw","family":"Ja\u0142owiecki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000199147.30016.74","article-title":"Guidelines for prevention of stroke in patients with ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack: A statement for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association\/American Stroke Association Council on Stroke: Co-sponsored by the Council on Cardiovascular Radiology and Intervention: The American Academy of Neurology affirms the value of this guideline","volume":"37","author":"Sacco","year":"2006","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"208","article-title":"Global Burden of Stroke","volume":"38","author":"Katan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Skull Base"},{"key":"ref_3","unstructured":"(2021). 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