{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T07:02:05Z","timestamp":1785567725833,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,17]],"date-time":"2022-03-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1647475200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JPM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Evidence to date suggests that a significant proportion of COVID-19 patients experience adverse psychological outcomes and neuropsychiatric complications. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of SARS-CoV-2 infection and subsequent hospitalization on the mental health, sleep, and quality of life of COVID-19 survivors. Patients were assessed 1\u20132 months after hospital discharge using standardized screening tools for depression and anxiety (HADS), post-traumatic stress disorder (IES-R), insomnia (AIS), and quality of life (EQ-5D-5L). Sociodemographic factors, comorbidities, disease severity and type of hospitalization were also collected. Amongst the 143 patients included, mental health symptoms were common (depression\u201419%; anxiety\u201427%; traumatic stress\u201439%; insomnia\u201433%) and more frequently reported in female than in male patients. Age, smoking status, comorbidities and illness severity were not found to significantly correlate with the presence of mood, sleep, or stress disorders. Finally, quality of life was worse for patients requiring ICU (p = 0.0057) or a longer hospital stay (p &lt; 0.001) but was unaffected by factors such as sex and other measured outcomes. These findings highlight the need for appropriate intervention to properly manage the immediate and enduring mental health complications of COVID-19.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm12030486","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,20]],"date-time":"2022-03-20T21:30:14Z","timestamp":1647811814000},"page":"486","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Depression, Insomnia and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in COVID-19 Survivors: Role of Gender and Impact on Quality of Life"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6303-1547","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sofia","family":"Pappa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zafeiria","family":"Barmparessou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Failure Department, First ICU, Evangelismos Hospital, 106 76 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nikolaos","family":"Athanasiou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Failure Department, First ICU, Evangelismos Hospital, 106 76 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elpitha","family":"Sakka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton BN2 4AT, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kostas","family":"Eleftheriou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Failure Department, First ICU, Evangelismos Hospital, 106 76 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stavros","family":"Patrinos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Failure Department, First ICU, Evangelismos Hospital, 106 76 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nikolaos","family":"Sakkas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Apostolis","family":"Pappas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Failure Department, First ICU, Evangelismos Hospital, 106 76 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ioannis","family":"Kalomenidis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Failure Department, First ICU, Evangelismos Hospital, 106 76 Athens, Greece"},{"name":"Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 157 72 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8736-619X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paraskevi","family":"Katsaounou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Failure Department, First ICU, Evangelismos Hospital, 106 76 Athens, Greece"},{"name":"Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 157 72 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30183-5","article-title":"Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China","volume":"395","author":"Huang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105955","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2020.105955","article-title":"The epidemiology, diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19","volume":"55","author":"Zhai","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. 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