{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,9]],"date-time":"2026-06-09T06:35:56Z","timestamp":1780986956361,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,5]],"date-time":"2022-06-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1654387200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JPM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) yields intermittent hypoxia, hypercapnia, and sleep fragmentation. OSA is associated with chronic medical conditions such as cardiovascular diseases, metabolic syndrome, and neurocognitive dysfunction. However, the risk of infertility in OSA remains unclear due to limited data and lack of long-term population-based studies. The study aims to assess the risk of infertility in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) by means of a population-based cohort study. The data was utilized from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) to conduct a population-based cohort study (1997\u20132013). Compared with the Non-OSA group, the male with OSA and surgery group has the OR (odds ratio) of infertility of 2.70 (95% CI, 1.46\u20134.98, p = 0.0015), but no significance exists in females with OSA. When the data was stratified according to age and gender, some associations in the specific subgroups were significant. Respectively, males aged 20\u201335 years old and aged 35\u201350 years old with a history of OSA and surgery both had a positive association with infertility. (aOR: 3.19; 95% CI, 1.18\u20138.66, p = 0.0227; aOR: 2.57; 95% CI, 1.18\u20135.62 p = 0.0176). Male patients with OSA suffer from reduced fertility, but no significant difference was noted in females with OSA. The identification of OSA as a risk factor for male infertility will aid clinicians to optimize long-term medical care. Furthermore, more studies will be encouraged to clarify the effect of OSA on female fertility.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm12060933","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,5]],"date-time":"2022-06-05T10:47:11Z","timestamp":1654426031000},"page":"933","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Risk of Infertility in Males with Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Nationwide, Population-Based, Nested Case-Control Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4602-5732","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pin-Yao","family":"Lin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 406, Taiwan"},{"name":"Division of Infertility, Lee Women\u2019s Hospital, Taichung 406, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hua","family":"Ting","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 406, Taiwan"},{"name":"Sleep Medicine Center, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yen-Ting","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 406, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, St. Martin De Porres Hospital, Chiayi 600, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0794-9388","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jing-Yang","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 406, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8858-0916","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tsung-Hsien","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 406, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maw-Sheng","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 406, Taiwan"},{"name":"Division of Infertility, Lee Women\u2019s Hospital, Taichung 406, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1235-0679","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"James Cheng-Chung","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 406, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan"},{"name":"Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2018.03.012","article-title":"Fertility and infertility: Definition and epidemiology","volume":"62","author":"Wyns","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin. 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