{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T14:39:56Z","timestamp":1791038396176,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":91,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,16]],"date-time":"2022-06-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1655337600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JPM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Chronic rhinosinusitis is a common disease worldwide and can be categorized into chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps and chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps. Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps is common in patients with asthma and, particularly, severe asthma. Severe asthma is effectively treated with biologics and the coexistence of severe asthma with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps presents a phenotype that is more likely to respond to such treatment. In this review, we focus on the link between asthma and nasal polyps, and we review the treatment effect of various monoclonal antibodies in patients with severe asthma and nasal polyps as well as in patients with nasal polyps without asthma or with mild-to-moderate asthma. With the enhancement of our armamentarium with new monoclonal antibodies the right choice of biologic becomes an important target and one that is difficult to achieve due to the lack of comparative head-to-head studies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm12060976","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,16]],"date-time":"2022-06-16T03:01:22Z","timestamp":1655348482000},"page":"976","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Biological Therapy of Severe Asthma and Nasal Polyps"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8933-6800","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Agamemnon","family":"Bakakos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 157 72 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Florence","family":"Schleich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, University of Liege, GIGA I3, 4000 Liege, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9256-9656","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Petros","family":"Bakakos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 157 72 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1216","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1398-9995.2011.02646.x","article-title":"Chronic rhinosinusitis in Europe\u2014An underestimated disease. 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