{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T07:49:16Z","timestamp":1787730556754,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,17]],"date-time":"2022-06-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1655424000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JPM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Long COVID-19 syndrome refers to persisting symptoms (&gt;12 weeks) after the initial coronavirus infection and is estimated to affect 3% to 12% of people diagnosed with the disease globally. Aim: We conducted a collaborative study with the Long COVID patient organization in Greece, in order to estimate the characteristics, symptoms, and challenges these patients confront. Methods: Data were collected from 208 patients using unstructured qualitative free-text entries in an anonymized online questionnaire. Results: The majority of respondents (68.8%) were not hospitalized and reported lingering symptoms (66.8%) for more than six months. Eighteen different symptoms (fatigue, palpitations, shortness of breath, parosmia, etc.) were mentioned in both hospitalized and community patients. Awareness of Long COVID sequelae seems to be low even among medical doctors. Treatment options incorporating targeted rehabilitation programs are either not available or still not included inthe management plan of Long COVID patients. Conclusions: Patients infected with coronavirus with initial mild symptoms suffer from the same persistent symptoms as those who were hospitalized. Long COVID syndrome appears to be a multi-systemic entity and a multidisciplinary medical approach should be adopted in order to correctly diagnose and successfully manage these patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm12060987","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,17]],"date-time":"2022-06-17T11:45:44Z","timestamp":1655466344000},"page":"987","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["The Greek Collaborative Long COVID Study: Non-Hospitalized and Hospitalized Patients Share Similar Symptom Patterns"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Martha-Spyridoula","family":"Katsarou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Group of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomics, Faculty of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15771 Zografou, Greece"},{"name":"Long COVID Greece Patient Society, 57010 Thessaloniki, Greece"},{"name":"Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15784 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eleni","family":"Iasonidou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Long COVID Greece Patient Society, 57010 Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"Osarogue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Social and Economic Sciences, School of Economics E.H.E. Europa Hochschule EurAka, 4106 Therwil, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Efthymios","family":"Kalafatis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Long COVID Greece Patient Society, 57010 Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Stefanatou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15784 Athens, Greece"},{"name":"1st Department of Neurosurgery, \u201cEvangelismos\u201d Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 10676 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6303-1547","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sofia","family":"Pappa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London W6 8RF, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stylianos","family":"Gatzonis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15784 Athens, Greece"},{"name":"1st Department of Neurosurgery, \u201cEvangelismos\u201d Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 10676 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anastasia","family":"Verentzioti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15784 Athens, Greece"},{"name":"1st Department of Neurosurgery, \u201cEvangelismos\u201d Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 10676 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pantelis","family":"Gounopoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2nd Cardiology Department, \u201cEvangelismos\u201d Hospital, 10676 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christos","family":"Demponeras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"General Intensive Care Unit, Thoracic Diseases General Hospital Sotiria, 11527 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eleni","family":"Konstantinidou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2nd Cardiology Department, \u201cEvangelismos\u201d Hospital, 10676 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7545-8089","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nikolaos","family":"Drakoulis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Group of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomics, Faculty of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15771 Zografou, Greece"},{"name":"Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15784 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Asimakos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15784 Athens, Greece"},{"name":"Respiratory Department First ICU, Evangelismos Hospital, 10676 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Archontoula","family":"Antonoglou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15784 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aspasia","family":"Mavronasou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15784 Athens, Greece"},{"name":"Respiratory Department First ICU, Evangelismos Hospital, 10676 Athens, Greece"},{"name":"Clinical Exercise Physiology and Rehabilitation Laboratory, Physiotherapy Department, University of Thessaly\u2013Lamia, 38221 Lamia, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stavroula","family":"Spetsioti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15784 Athens, Greece"},{"name":"Respiratory Department First ICU, Evangelismos Hospital, 10676 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2508-500X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anastasia","family":"Kotanidou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15784 Athens, Greece"},{"name":"Respiratory Department First ICU, Evangelismos Hospital, 10676 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8736-619X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paraskevi","family":"Katsaounou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical School, 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