{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T00:28:56Z","timestamp":1778632136842,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,29]],"date-time":"2022-07-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1659052800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Chang Gung Memorial Hospital","award":["CORPG8M0151"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CORPG8M0151"]}]},{"name":"Chang Gung Memorial Hospital","award":["MOST 110-2314-B-182-020-MY3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST 110-2314-B-182-020-MY3"]}]},{"name":"Chang Gung Memorial Hospital","award":["MOST 110-2314-B-182A-029"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST 110-2314-B-182A-029"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Science and Technology","award":["CORPG8M0151"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CORPG8M0151"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Science and Technology","award":["MOST 110-2314-B-182-020-MY3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST 110-2314-B-182-020-MY3"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Science and Technology","award":["MOST 110-2314-B-182A-029"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST 110-2314-B-182A-029"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JPM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Identifying children with chronic kidney disease (CKD) at high risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and ensuring they receive appropriate treatment can prevent CVD events and mortality later in life. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a gaseous signaling molecule participating in CVD and CKD. Thiosulfate is not only an oxidation product of H2S but is also a H2S donor. We examined whether H2S, thiosulfate, and their combined ratio have differential associations with CVD risk markers in 56 children and adolescents aged 6\u201318 years with CKD stages G1\u2013G4. Up to two-thirds of CKD children showed higher BP load on 24 h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM), even in the early stage. CKD children with ABPM abnormalities had a higher H2S-to-thiosulfate ratio, while H2S-related parameters were not affected by the severity of CKD. The H2S-to-thiosulfate ratio was positively correlated with 24 h systolic BP (SBP), nighttime SBP, and carotid artery intima-media thickness (cIMT). After adjusting for confounders, H2S was negatively associated with LV mass, thiosulfate was positively associated with 24-DBP, and the H2S-to-thiosulfate ratio was positively correlated with nighttime SBP and cIMT. Our data demonstrate differential associations in circulating H2S, thiosulfate, and their combined ratio with CVD risk in childhood CKD. Further studies are required to determine whether targeting the H2S signaling pathway can develop novel therapeutic strategies against CVD in this high-risk population.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm12081241","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,29]],"date-time":"2022-07-29T01:41:16Z","timestamp":1659058876000},"page":"1241","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Hydrogen Sulfide-to-Thiosulfate Ratio Associated with Blood Pressure Abnormalities in Pediatric CKD"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7470-528X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chien-Ning","family":"Hsu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan, China"},{"name":"School of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wei-Ling","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wei-Ting","family":"Liao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3560-7470","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guo-Ping","family":"Chang-Chien","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Environmental Toxin and Emerging-Contaminant Research, Cheng Shiu University, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan, China"},{"name":"Super Micro Mass Research and Technology Center, Cheng Shiu University, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan, China"},{"name":"Institute of Environmental Toxin and Emerging-Contaminant, Cheng Shiu University, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sufan","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Environmental Toxin and Emerging-Contaminant Research, Cheng Shiu University, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan, China"},{"name":"Super Micro Mass Research and Technology Center, Cheng Shiu University, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan, China"},{"name":"Institute of Environmental Toxin and Emerging-Contaminant, Cheng Shiu University, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7059-6407","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"You-Lin","family":"Tain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan, China"},{"name":"College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 330, Taiwan, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1016\/j.niox.2014.01.002","article-title":"The physiological role of hydrogen sulfide and beyond","volume":"41","author":"Kimura","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nitric Oxide"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"C537","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.00329.2016","article-title":"Vascular biology of hydrogen sulfide","volume":"312","author":"Kanagy","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am. 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