{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T10:20:16Z","timestamp":1788517216823,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,21]],"date-time":"2022-09-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1663718400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JPM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study aimed to discover expert opinion on the surgical techniques and materials most likely to achieve maximum postoperative residual hearing preservation in cochlear implant (CI) surgery and to determine how these opinions have changed since 2010. A previously published questionnaire used in a study published in 2010 was adapted and expanded. The questionnaire was distributed to an international group of experienced CI surgeons. Present results were compared, via descriptive statistics, to those from the 2010 survey. Eighteen surgeons completed the questionnaire. Respondents clearly favored the following: round window insertion, slow array insertion, and the peri- and postoperative use of systematic antibiotics. Insertion depth was regarded as important, and electrode arrays less likely to induce trauma were preferred. The usefulness of dedicated soft-surgery training was also recognized. A lack of agreement was found on whether the middle ear cavity should be flushed with a non-aminoglycoside antibiotic solution or whether a sheath or insertion tube should be used to avoid contaminating the array with blood or bone dust. In conclusion, this paper demonstrates how beliefs about CI soft surgery have changed since 2010 and shows areas of current consensus and disagreement.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm12101551","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,22]],"date-time":"2022-09-22T01:47:06Z","timestamp":1663811226000},"page":"1551","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Minimally Traumatic Cochlear Implant Surgery: Expert Opinion in 2010 and 2020"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0416-4005","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vedat","family":"Topsakal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Brussels Health Campus, University Hospital Brussels (UZ Brussel), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), 1090 Jette, Belgium"},{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Antwerp University Hospital (UZA), University of Antwerp, 2610 Edegem, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sumit","family":"Agrawal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"London Canada Health Sciences Centre, Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head & Neck Surgery, Western University, London, ON N6G 2M3, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcus","family":"Atlas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ear Science Institute Australia, Subiaco, WA 6008, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wolf-Dieter","family":"Baumgartner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vienna ENT University Hospital, 1090 Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kevin","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UNC Ear & Hearing Center at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iain A.","family":"Bruce","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Royal Manchester Children\u2019s Hospital, Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9WL, UK"},{"name":"Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M15 6JA, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Dazert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"St. Elisabeth Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, 44787 Bochum, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rudolf","family":"Hagen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"W\u00fcrzburg ENT University Hospital, 97080 W\u00fcrzburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8260-4523","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luis","family":"Lassaletta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Madrid Hospital La Paz, 28046 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Mlynski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery \u201cOtto K\u00f6rner\u201d, Rostock University Medical Center, 18057 Rostock, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher H.","family":"Raine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bradford Royal Infirmary Yorkshire Auditory Implant Service, Bradford BD9 6RJ, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gunesh P.","family":"Rajan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Luzern HNO-Klinik Kantonspital, 6000 Luzern, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joachim","family":"Schmutzhard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4936-1424","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Georg Mathias","family":"Sprinzl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"St. P\u00f6lten University Hospital, 3100 St. P\u00f6lten, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0348-3015","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hinrich","family":"Staecker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5068-6122","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shin-ichi","family":"Usami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hearing Implant Sciences, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0912-7780","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vincent","family":"Van Rompaey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Antwerp University Hospital (UZA), University of Antwerp, 2610 Edegem, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4288-2809","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mario","family":"Zernotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"C\u00f3rdoba Sanatorium Allende, C\u00f3rdoba 5000, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul van de","family":"Heyning","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Antwerp University Hospital (UZA), University of Antwerp, 2610 Edegem, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/14670100.2017.1379933","article-title":"Hearing preservation cochlear implantation in children: The HEARRING Group consensus and practice guide","volume":"19","author":"Rajan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cochlear Implants Int."},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"66","article-title":"Hearing preservation cochlear implant surgery","volume":"81","author":"Bruce","year":"2018","journal-title":"Adv. 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Neurotol."}],"container-title":["Journal of Personalized Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2075-4426\/12\/10\/1551\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T00:36:32Z","timestamp":1760142992000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2075-4426\/12\/10\/1551"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,21]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10]]}},"alternative-id":["jpm12101551"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jpm12101551","relation":{},"ISSN":["2075-4426"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2075-4426","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,21]]}}}