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or genetic disorders. Despite decades of successful HSCT, clinical outcomes are still far from satisfactory due to treatment-related complications, including graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) and cardiovascular complications (CVC). CVC may affect patients in the acute period post-HSCT; however, the occurrence is far higher among long-term survivors. Induction treatment using cardiotoxic treatments, e.g., anthracyclines and radiotherapy, conditioning regimens containing cyclophosphamide, and post-HSCT comorbidities, including GvHD, are factors contributing to CVC. Cardiac function evaluation prior to and post-transplantation is an important strategy for choosing the proper conditioning regimen, HSCT protocol and post-HSCT supportive care. Cardiac systolic function evaluation by echocardiography, in addition to serum cardiac biomarkers, such as troponins and brain natriuretic peptides, is recommended as a routine follow-up for HSCT patients. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin-II-receptor blockers, and beta-blockers, which are mostly used for the treatment of chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity, might be used as treatments for HSCT-related CVC. In summary, the present review reveals the urgent need for further investigations concerning HSCT-related CVC both at the preclinical and clinical levels due to the lack of knowledge about CVC and its underlying mechanisms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm12111797","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,2]],"date-time":"2022-11-02T06:42:17Z","timestamp":1667371337000},"page":"1797","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Cardiovascular Complications in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplanted Patients"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Ying","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Experimental Cancer Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, 14186 Huddinge, Sweden"},{"name":"Clinical Research Center and Center of Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation (CAST), Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, 14186 Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rui","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Experimental Cancer Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, 14186 Huddinge, Sweden"},{"name":"Clinical Research Center and Center of Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation (CAST), Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, 14186 Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandra","family":"Oerther","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Experimental Cancer Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, 14186 Huddinge, Sweden"},{"name":"Clinical Research Center and Center of Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation (CAST), Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, 14186 Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weiying","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University and Chongqing Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism, Chongqing 400016, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Massoud","family":"Vosough","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Experimental Cancer Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, 14186 Huddinge, Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology, ACECR, Tehran 1999614414, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1927-5859","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Moustapha","family":"Hassan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Experimental Cancer Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, 14186 Huddinge, Sweden"},{"name":"Clinical Research Center and Center of Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation (CAST), Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, 14186 Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1472","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp078166","article-title":"Hematopoietic-cell transplantation at 50","volume":"357","author":"Appelbaum","year":"2007","journal-title":"N. 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