{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]],"date-time":"2026-01-16T11:34:16Z","timestamp":1768563256521,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,14]],"date-time":"2022-12-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1670976000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007446","name":"King Khalid University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RGP.2\/216\/43"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RGP.2\/216\/43"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007446","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JPM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Introduction (background): Headache is the primary complaint among students. Headaches mostly have multifactorial causes. The degree of headache severity significantly impacts attitudes, behavior, and academic performance. Objectives: Here, we investigate the demographic epidemiology of tension-type headaches (T.T.H.), and determine the clinical presentation and triggers of the tension-type among headache sufferers. Methods (settings, design): An institutional-based cross-sectional study (descriptive) was conducted on the medical and dental undergraduates at King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia, from 1 July 2021 to 31 December 2021. Data were gathered using a pre-designed questionnaire. A consecutive sampling method was used in a COVID-19-constrained environment. After preliminary screening of the study population, 460 samples were included. An electronic questionnaire was shared with them, and they were requested to respond. Results: More than half of the participants (258, 56.1%) experienced tension-type headaches, while the remaining 202 (43.9%) never felt a headache. Tension-type headaches manifested as heaviness of the head (44, 17.0%), tightness (126, 48.8%), and dull aching pain (66, 25.7%). Conclusions: T.T.H. is a prevalent condition with a significant impingement on academic work, and psychological health. Tension-type headache sufferers are advised to keep daily diaries to determine triggers, and plan for prevention and treatment progression.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm12122064","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,14]],"date-time":"2022-12-14T04:54:49Z","timestamp":1670993689000},"page":"2064","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Clinical-Epidemiology of Tension-Type Headache among the Medical and Dental Undergraduates of King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Zia Ul","family":"Sabah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7398-8273","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shahid","family":"Aziz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7084-2014","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bayapa Reddy","family":"Narapureddy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1224-6879","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hassan Ahmed A.","family":"Alasiri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hassan Yahya M.","family":"Asiri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2388-6089","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abdulkhaliq Hadi H.","family":"Asiri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ahmad Abdullah H.","family":"Alsulami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nawaf Khalid Ahmad","family":"Hassan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2512-745X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shaik","family":"Mohammed Asif","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic Science and oral Biology, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shmookh Mohsen","family":"Alsyd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Health, Ministry of Health, Riyadh 12613, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"(2022, November 30). 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