{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T12:30:14Z","timestamp":1784291414403,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,15]],"date-time":"2022-12-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1671062400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JPM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Serotonin syndrome (SS) is a clinical toxidrome with high variability in clinical practice. It develops due to increased serotonin levels in the central nervous system. With an underestimated frequency, SS can develop following an overdose, a therapeutic dose increase, or drug to drug interaction of at least one serotonergic agent. It can present with autonomic signs, neuromuscular changes and an altered mental status. However, history and clinical examination are key features to formulate the diagnosis. Treatment options consist of supportive measures, discontinuation of the offending agent and certain therapeutic agents previously reported to improve outcomes. Physicians have limited experience with SS, partially due to the lack of its identification in clinical practice. Therefore, we have integrated, in a narrative review, the case of a young male with SS following an atypical antipsychotic overdose superimposed on chronic treatment with agents previously known to produce SS.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm12122069","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,16]],"date-time":"2022-12-16T02:16:41Z","timestamp":1671157001000},"page":"2069","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Recognition and Management of Serotonin Toxidrome in the Emergency Department\u2014Case Based Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Bianca Codrina","family":"Morarasu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"2nd Internal Medicine Clinic, \u2018\u2018Sf\u00e2ntul Spiridon\u2019\u2019 Emergency Clinical County Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6348-2954","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adorata Elena","family":"Coman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2nd Internal Medicine Clinic, \u2018\u2018Sf\u00e2ntul Spiridon\u2019\u2019 Emergency Clinical County Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania"},{"name":"Preventive Medicine and Interdisciplinary Team Department, \u201cGrigore T. Popa\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700150 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4779-877X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristina","family":"Bologa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2nd Internal Medicine Clinic, \u2018\u2018Sf\u00e2ntul Spiridon\u2019\u2019 Emergency Clinical County Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania"},{"name":"Internal Medicine Department, \u201cGrigore T. Popa\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700111 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0525-0645","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Catalina","family":"Lionte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2nd Internal Medicine Clinic, \u2018\u2018Sf\u00e2ntul Spiridon\u2019\u2019 Emergency Clinical County Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania"},{"name":"Internal Medicine Department, \u201cGrigore T. Popa\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700111 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ovidiu Rusalim","family":"Petris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2nd Internal Medicine Clinic, \u2018\u2018Sf\u00e2ntul Spiridon\u2019\u2019 Emergency Clinical County Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania"},{"name":"Nursing Department, \u201cGrigore T. Popa\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700111 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0043-9051","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexandr","family":"Ceasovschih","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2nd Internal Medicine Clinic, \u2018\u2018Sf\u00e2ntul Spiridon\u2019\u2019 Emergency Clinical County Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania"},{"name":"Internal Medicine Department, \u201cGrigore T. Popa\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700111 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Victorita","family":"Sorodoc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2nd Internal Medicine Clinic, \u2018\u2018Sf\u00e2ntul Spiridon\u2019\u2019 Emergency Clinical County Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania"},{"name":"Internal Medicine Department, \u201cGrigore T. Popa\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700111 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raluca Ecaterina","family":"Haliga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2nd Internal Medicine Clinic, \u2018\u2018Sf\u00e2ntul Spiridon\u2019\u2019 Emergency Clinical County Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania"},{"name":"Internal Medicine Department, \u201cGrigore T. Popa\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700111 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriela","family":"Puha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2nd Internal Medicine Clinic, \u2018\u2018Sf\u00e2ntul Spiridon\u2019\u2019 Emergency Clinical County Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania"},{"name":"Internal Medicine Department, \u201cGrigore T. Popa\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700111 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5024-3030","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexandra","family":"Stoica","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2nd Internal Medicine Clinic, \u2018\u2018Sf\u00e2ntul Spiridon\u2019\u2019 Emergency Clinical County Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania"},{"name":"Internal Medicine Department, \u201cGrigore T. 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