{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T12:44:52Z","timestamp":1790685892098,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,20]],"date-time":"2022-12-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1671494400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Iowa Initiative for Artificial Intelligence (IIAI), Carver College of Medicine Office of Research."}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JPM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Syncope, a common problem encountered in the emergency department (ED), has a multitude of causes ranging from benign to life-threatening. Hospitalization may be required, but the management can vary substantially depending on specific clinical characteristics. Models predicting admission and hospitalization length of stay (LoS) are lacking. The purpose of this study was to design an effective, exploratory model using machine learning (ML) technology to predict LoS for patients presenting with syncope. Methods: This was a retrospective analysis using over 4 million patients from the National Emergency Department Sample (NEDS) database presenting to the ED with syncope between 2016\u20132019. A multilayer perceptron neural network with one hidden layer was trained and validated on this data set. Results: Receiver Operator Characteristics (ROC) were determined for each of the five ANN models with varying cutoffs for LoS. A fair area under the curve (AUC of 0.78) to good (AUC of 0.88) prediction performance was achieved based on sequential analysis at different cutoff points, starting from the same day discharge and ending at the longest analyzed cutoff LoS \u22647 days versus &gt;7 days, accordingly. The ML algorithm showed significant sensitivity and specificity in predicting short (\u226448 h) versus long (&gt;48 h) LoS, with an AUC of 0.81. Conclusions: Using variables available to triaging ED clinicians, ML shows promise in predicting hospital LoS with fair to good performance for patients presenting with syncope.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm13010007","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,21]],"date-time":"2022-12-21T02:58:27Z","timestamp":1671591507000},"page":"7","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Novel Machine Learning Approach to Predict and Personalize Length of Stay for Patients Admitted with Syncope from the Emergency Department"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8529-4500","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sangil","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5252-6990","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Avinash","family":"Reddy Mudireddy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Iowa Initiative of Artificial Intelligence, University of Iowa, 103 South Capitol Street, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7780-1047","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Deepak","family":"Kumar Pasupula","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Mercy One North Iowa Heart Center, 250 S Crescent Dr, Mason City, IA 50401, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mehul","family":"Adhaduk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Barsotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, 145 N. Riverside Drive, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Milan","family":"Sonka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Iowa Initiative of Artificial Intelligence, University of Iowa, 103 South Capitol Street, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giselle","family":"Statz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tyler","family":"Bullis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samuel","family":"Johnston","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3718-5235","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aron","family":"Evans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian","family":"Olshansky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2242-4034","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Milena","family":"Gebska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2010.11.002","article-title":"Standardized approaches to the investigation of syncope: Canadian Cardiovascular Society position paper","volume":"27","author":"Sheldon","year":"2011","journal-title":"Can. 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