{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,7]],"date-time":"2026-04-07T00:35:23Z","timestamp":1775522123659,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,26]],"date-time":"2022-12-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672012800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JPM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is one of the most common musculoskeletal disorders. Much progress has been made in regenerative medicine for the symptomatic treatment of KOA, including products containing stromal vascular fraction (SVF) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP). The aim of this study was to evaluate clinical and radiological findings after the application of autologous conditioned adipose tissue (ACA) and leukocyte-poor PRP (LP-PRP) in patients with mild to moderate KOA. A total of 16 patients (eight male and eight female) with changes related to KOA on the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), but without severe osteophytosis, full-thickness cartilage loss, or subchondral bone involvement were included in this study. Patients received an intraarticular, ultrasound-guided injection of ACA and LP-PRP. Clinical scores, including a visual analog scale for pain (VAS), Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) were evaluated at baseline and at the three and six month follow-ups showing a statistically significant improvements at three and six months post-intervention. Furthermore, the delayed gadolinium-enhanced MRI of the cartilage (dGEMRIC) indices were evaluated at baseline and at the three and six month follow-ups showing no significant changes after treatment with ACA and LP-PRP, which were actually equal to the dGEMRIC indices measured in the control group (hyaluronic acid applied in contralateral knees without osteoarthritis). ACA with LP-PRP presents a viable minimally invasive therapeutic option for the clinical improvement of mild to moderate KOA. However, MFAT produced by different systems is likely to differ in cellular content, which can directly affect the paracrine effect (cytokine secretion) of mesenchymal stem cells and consequently the regeneration process.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm13010047","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,27]],"date-time":"2022-12-27T04:58:01Z","timestamp":1672117081000},"page":"47","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Results of Treating Mild to Moderate Knee Osteoarthritis with Autologous Conditioned Adipose Tissue and Leukocyte-Poor Platelet-Rich Plasma"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Vilim","family":"Molnar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"St. Catherine Specialty Hospital, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2978-7121","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eduard","family":"Paveli\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"St. Catherine Specialty Hospital, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0475-0197","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u017deljko","family":"Jele\u010d","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"St. Catherine Specialty Hospital, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia"},{"name":"Department of Nursing, University North, 42000 Vara\u017edin, Croatia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8022-4095","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Petar","family":"Brlek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"St. Catherine Specialty Hospital, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4536-285X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vid","family":"Mati\u0161i\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"St. Catherine Specialty Hospital, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0607-2462","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Igor","family":"Bori\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"St. Catherine Specialty Hospital, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia"},{"name":"School of Medicine, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia"},{"name":"Department of Health Studies, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0883-2525","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Damir","family":"Hudetz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"St. Catherine Specialty Hospital, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia"},{"name":"Department for Traumatology and Orthopaedics, University Hospital Dubrava, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eduard","family":"Rod","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"St. Catherine Specialty Hospital, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dinko","family":"Vidovi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"St. Catherine Specialty Hospital, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia"},{"name":"Clinic for Traumatology, University Hospital \u201cSisters of Mercy\u201d, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia"},{"name":"School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Neven","family":"Star\u010devi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"St. Catherine Specialty Hospital, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5293-6981","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martin","family":"\u010cemerin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David C.","family":"Karli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Steadman Clinic, Vail, CO 81657, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5565-080X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dragan","family":"Primorac","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"St. Catherine Specialty Hospital, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia"},{"name":"School of Medicine, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia"},{"name":"School of Medicine, Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia"},{"name":"Medical School, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia"},{"name":"Medical School, University of Mostar, 88000 Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina"},{"name":"Eberly College of Science, Penn State University, 517 Thomas St., State College, PA 16803, USA"},{"name":"The Henry C Lee College of Criminal Justice & Forensic Sciences, University of New Haven, West Haven, CT 06516, USA"},{"name":"Medical School REGIOMED, 96450 Coburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100587","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2020.100587","article-title":"EClinicalMedicine Global, regional prevalence, incidence and risk factors of knee osteoarthritis in population-based 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