{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T17:36:35Z","timestamp":1789580195498,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,21]],"date-time":"2023-01-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1674259200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81870645"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81870645"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82201162"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82201162"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81900839"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81900839"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JPM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In this study, we evaluated the long-term surgical outcomes of lensectomy-vitrectomy with primary intraocular lens (IOL) implantation in children with bilateral congenital cataracts (CCs) and investigated the potential risk factors for low vision. A total of 148 eyes in 74 children who underwent lensectomy-vitrectomy with primary IOL implantation were enrolled in this study. The surgery age was 44.04 \u00b1 14.60 months, with a follow-up period of 46.66 \u00b1 14.34 months. The final BCVA was 0.24 \u00b1 0.32 logMAR, and low vision was found in 22 eyes (14.9%). Postoperative complications requiring additional surgeries included VAO (4 eyes, 5.4%), IOL pupillary captures (2 eyes, 2.0%), iris incarceration (1 eye, 0.7%), and glaucoma (1 eye, 0.7%). A higher incidence of VAO and larger postoperative refractive error was observed in younger children (\u22642 years old) than in elder children (&gt;2 years old) (p = 0.003, p = 0.047, respectively). Final BCVA was affected by preexisting comorbidity (p &lt; 0.001), cataract density (p &lt; 0.001), cataract size (p = 0.020), occurrence of postoperative complications (p = 0.011), and ASE (p = 0.008). Multivariate analysis showed that denser cataracts (OR = 9.303, p = 0.035) and preexisting comorbidity (OR = 4.712, p = 0.004) were the significant predictors of low vision. In conclusion, lensectomy-vitrectomy with primary IOL implantation is an effective and safe treatment for CC. The long-term visual outcome is encouraging in children with bilateral CC undergoing this procedure with a low rate of postoperative complications requiring surgeries. Moreover, eyes with denser cataracts and preexisting comorbidity may have a high risk of low vision.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm13020189","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,23]],"date-time":"2023-01-23T02:01:02Z","timestamp":1674439262000},"page":"189","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Surgical Outcomes of Lensectomy-Vitrectomy with Primary Intraocular Lens Implantation in Children with Bilateral Congenital Cataracts"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Hongzhe","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Eye Hospital and School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7191-4967","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaolei","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Eye Disease Prevention, and Treatment Center, Shanghai Eye Hospital, Shanghai 200040, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiyue","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tianke","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fan","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"cd003171","article-title":"Surgical interventions for bilateral congenital cataract in children aged two years and under","volume":"9","author":"Singh","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst. 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