{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T22:41:41Z","timestamp":1791499301034,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,30]],"date-time":"2023-03-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1680134400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Clinical research incubation project, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University","award":["CYFH202218"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CYFH202218"]}]},{"name":"Clinical research incubation project, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University","award":["L202006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["L202006"]}]},{"name":"Clinical research incubation project, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University","award":["2019YFC0120604"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019YFC0120604"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004826","name":"Beijing Natural Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CYFH202218"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CYFH202218"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004826","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004826","name":"Beijing Natural Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["L202006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["L202006"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004826","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004826","name":"Beijing Natural Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2019YFC0120604"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019YFC0120604"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004826","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Key R&amp;D Program of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China","award":["CYFH202218"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CYFH202218"]}]},{"name":"Key R&amp;D Program of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China","award":["L202006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["L202006"]}]},{"name":"Key R&amp;D Program of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China","award":["2019YFC0120604"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019YFC0120604"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JPM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>(1) Background: The three-dimensional printing (3DP) technique has been reported to be of great utility in spine surgery. The purpose of this study is to report the clinical application of personalized preoperative digital planning and a 3DP guidance template in the treatment of severe and complex adult spinal deformity. (2) Methods: eight adult patients with severe rigid kyphoscoliosis were given personalized surgical simulation based on the preoperative radiological data. Guidance templates for screw insertion and osteotomy were designed and manufactured according to the planning protocol and used during the correction surgery. The perioperative, and radiological parameters and complications, including surgery duration, estimated blood loss, pre- and post-operative cobb angle, trunk balance, and precision of osteotomy operation with screw implantation were collected retrospectively and analyzed to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of this technique. (3) Results: Of the eight patients, the primary pathology of scoliosis included two adult idiopathic scoliosis (ADIS), four congenital scoliosis (CS), one ankylosing spondylitis (AS), and one tuberculosis (TB). Two patients had a previous history of spinal surgery. Three pedicle subtraction osteotomies (PSOs) and five vertebral column resection (VCR) osteotomies were successfully performed with the application of the guide templates. The main cobb angle was corrected from 99.33\u00b0 to 34.17\u00b0, and the kyphosis was corrected from 110.00\u00b0 to 42.00\u00b0. The ratio of osteotomy execution and simulation was 97.02%. In the cohort, the average screw accuracy was 93.04%. (4) Conclusions: The clinical application of personalized digital surgical planning and precise execution via 3D printing guidance templates in the treatment of severe adult rigid deformity is feasible, effective, and easily generalizable. The preoperative osteotomy simulation was executed with high precision, utilizing personalized designed guidance templates. This technique can be used to reduce the surgical risk and difficulty of screw placement and high-level osteotomy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm13040602","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,30]],"date-time":"2023-03-30T02:23:46Z","timestamp":1680143026000},"page":"602","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Clinical Application of Personalized Digital Surgical Planning and Precise Execution for Severe and Complex Adult Spinal Deformity Correction Utilizing 3D Printing Techniques"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5027-8842","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hongtao","family":"Ding","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Spine Surgery, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University of China, Beijing 100020, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7206-325X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yong","family":"Hai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Spine Surgery, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University of China, Beijing 100020, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lijin","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Spine Surgery, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University of China, Beijing 100020, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuzeng","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Spine Surgery, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University of China, Beijing 100020, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yiqi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Spine Surgery, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University of China, Beijing 100020, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chaofan","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Spine Surgery, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University of China, Beijing 100020, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yangpu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Spine Surgery, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University of China, Beijing 100020, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2213","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e3181b53cba","article-title":"Posterior vertebral column resection for severe pediatric deformity: Minimum two-year follow-up of thirty-five consecutive patients","volume":"34","author":"Lenke","year":"2009","journal-title":"Spine Phila Pa 1976"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E17","DOI":"10.3171\/2014.2.FOCUS1419","article-title":"Evaluation of complications and neurological deficits with three-column spine reconstructions for complex spinal deformity: A retrospective Scoli-RISK-1 study","volume":"36","author":"Kelly","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neurosurg. 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