{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T14:11:57Z","timestamp":1787062317161,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,26]],"date-time":"2023-04-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1682467200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JPM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Motorist\u2019s vestibular disorientation syndrome (MVDS) is a disorder in which patients experience dizziness while driving. MVDS is under-reported in the literature, and in clinical practice, it often goes unrecognized. We identified clinical characteristics of patients with MVDS using data from 24 patients who faced difficulties while driving and were diagnosed with MVDS. Their symptoms, duration of illness, precipitating factors, co-morbidities, history of other neuro-otological disorders, severity of symptoms, and associated anxiety and depression were reviewed. Ocular motor movements were recorded using video-nystagmography. Patients with vestibular disorders that can cause similar symptoms while driving were excluded. The mean age of the patients was 45.7 \u00b1 8.7 years, and most were professional drivers (90.5%). The duration of the illness ranged from eight days to ten years. Most patients presented with disorientation (79.2%) exclusively while driving. The most common triggers for symptoms were higher speeds, i.e., &gt;80 km\/h (66.7%), multi-lane roads (58.3%), bends and turns (50%), and looking at other vehicles or signals while driving (41.7%). A history of migraines was reported in 62.5% of the patients, and motion sickness was reported in 50% of the patients. Anxiety was reported in 34.3% of patients, and 15.7% had depression. The video-nystagmography did not show any specific abnormalities. Patients responded to drugs used in prophylactic treatments for migraines such as Amitriptyline, Venlafaxine, Bisoprolol, and Magnesium, and to Pregabalin and Gabapentin. Based on these findings, a classification system and a diagnostic criterion for MVDS were proposed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm13050732","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,27]],"date-time":"2023-04-27T02:50:00Z","timestamp":1682563800000},"page":"732","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Motorist\u2019s Vestibular Disorientation Syndrome (MVDS)\u2014Proposed Diagnostic Criteria"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Vishal","family":"Pawar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Department, Aster Gardens Specialty Clinic, Building 10, Zen Cluster, Street 1, Discovery Gardens, Dubai P.O. Box 8703, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hanaan","family":"Ashraf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Al Rafa Polyclinic-International City, Internal Medicine Department, Aster DM Healthcare, Dubai P.O. Box 8703, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Srinivas","family":"Dorsala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ear, Nose and Throat (ENT) Department, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College (JNMC), Belagavi 500010, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Preethy","family":"Mary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Trust Hospital, Department of Otolaryngology, Cochin 682016, Kerala, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5669-3075","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nazrin","family":"Hameed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Trust Hospital, Department of Otolaryngology, Cochin 682016, Kerala, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2484-0226","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Divya Nair","family":"H","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Indian Institute of Public Health Gandhinagar, Gandhinagar 382042, Gujarat, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sweta Prakash","family":"Adatia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, RAK Hospital, Ras-Al-Khaimah P.O. Box 11393, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6341-8509","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leya","family":"Raj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Health Consultant, Karipuram 673121, Kerala, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V. R.","family":"Ananthu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Al Sharq Hospital Fujairah, ENT Department, Al Sharq Healthcare, Fujairah P.O. Box 8505, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Shouka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Audiologist, Neurology Department, Garden\u2019s Specialty Clinic, Aster DM Healthcare, Dubai P.O. Box 8704, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1068\/p3092","article-title":"Cognitive suppression of tilt sensations during linear horizontal self-motion in the dark","volume":"30","author":"Wertheim","year":"2001","journal-title":"Perception"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2018.00456","article-title":"Vestibular System and Self-Motion","volume":"12","author":"Cheng","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. 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