{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,17]],"date-time":"2026-01-17T19:37:00Z","timestamp":1768678620997,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,12]],"date-time":"2023-08-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1691798400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JPM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>We aimed to assess the feasibility of using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) for the real-time ex vivo examination of histological samples of laryngeal lesions and to evaluate the correlation between CLSM and definitive histological results. This preliminary study included eight consecutive patients with \u201csuspected\u201d laryngeal lesions who were candidates for endoscopic laryngeal surgery. The obtained samples were evaluated using CLSM and classified as \u201cinadequate\u201d or \u201cadequate\u201d (high- and low-grade dysplasia, in situ and invasive carcinoma, positive surgical margin, and inflammatory outbreaks). CLSM showed the macro image in all cases and generated a digital version. All the samples were defined as adequate during CLSM and confirmed at histopathology: low-grade dysplasia (n = 5), low- and high-grade dysplasia (n = 2), and high-grade dysplasia (n = 1). Four samples had an involved resection margin, and three samples revealed the presence of inflammatory outbreaks. CLSM can be applied to larynx pathology with excellent agreement with final histological results.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm13081252","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,14]],"date-time":"2023-08-14T10:13:57Z","timestamp":1692008037000},"page":"1252","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Potential Use of Vivascope for Real-Time Histological Evaluation in Endoscopic Laryngeal Surgery"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Luigi","family":"De Benedetto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Integrated Therapies in Otolaryngology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 00128 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6181-8194","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonio","family":"Moffa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Integrated Therapies in Otolaryngology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 00128 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"School of Medicine, Universit\u00e0 Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, 00128 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6601-5331","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter","family":"Baptista","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain"},{"name":"ENT Department, Al Zahra Private Hospital Dubai, Dubai 23614, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Simone","family":"Di Giovanni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Integrated Therapies in Otolaryngology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 00128 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"School of Medicine, Universit\u00e0 Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, 00128 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2568-3237","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lucrezia","family":"Giorgi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Integrated Therapies in Otolaryngology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 00128 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"Unit of Measurements and Biomedical Instrumentation, Universit\u00e0 Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, 00128 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3758-6327","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martina","family":"Verri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Endocrine Organs and Neuromuscolar Pathology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, 00128 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chiara","family":"Taffon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pathology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, 00128 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Crescenzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Endocrine Organs and Neuromuscolar Pathology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, 00128 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Manuele","family":"Casale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Integrated Therapies in Otolaryngology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 00128 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"School of Medicine, Universit\u00e0 Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, 00128 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1276","DOI":"10.1288\/00005537-199410000-00017","article-title":"Endoscopic Laser excisional biopsy for selected glottic carcinomas","volume":"104","author":"Peretti","year":"1994","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2018.00298","article-title":"Single stage transoral laser microsurgery for early glottic cancer","volume":"8","author":"Hamzany","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. 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