{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T20:57:40Z","timestamp":1791406660332,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":87,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,12]],"date-time":"2023-10-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1697068800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"MICIN\/AEI\/10.13039\/501100011033","award":["PID2019-111510RB-I00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PID2019-111510RB-I00"]}]},{"name":"MICIN\/AEI\/10.13039\/501100011033","award":["AI-37"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AI-37"]}]},{"name":"Comunidad de Madrid","award":["PID2019-111510RB-I00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PID2019-111510RB-I00"]}]},{"name":"Comunidad de Madrid","award":["AI-37"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AI-37"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JPM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Cancer chemotherapy has allowed many patients to survive, but not without risks derived from its adverse effects. Drugs, such as 5-fluorouracil, irinotecan, oxaliplatin, methotrexate, and others, as well as different drug combinations trigger intestinal mucositis that may cause or contribute to anorexia, pain, diarrhea, weight loss, systemic infections, and even death. Dysbiosis is a hallmark of chemotherapy-induced intestinal mucositis and diarrhea, and, therefore, strategies aimed at modulating intestinal microbiota may be useful to counteract and prevent those dreadful effects. This narrative review offers an overview of the studies performed to test the efficacy of probiotics and probiotic-like agents against chemotherapy-induced intestinal mucositis and its consequences. Microbiota modulation through the oral administration of different probiotics (mainly strains of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium), probiotic mixtures, synbiotics, postbiotics, and paraprobiotics has been tested in different animal models and in some clinical trials. Regulation of dysbiosis, modulation of epithelial barrier permeability, anti-inflammatory effects, modulation of host immune response, reduction of oxidative stress, or prevention of apoptosis are the main mechanisms involved in their beneficial effects. However, the findings are limited by the great heterogeneity of the preclinical studies and the relative lack of studies in immunocompromised animals, as well as the scarce availability of results from clinical trials. Despite this, the results accumulated so far are promising. Hopefully, with the aid of these agents, intestinal mucositis will be less impactful to the cancer patient in the near future.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm13101487","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,12]],"date-time":"2023-10-12T12:46:13Z","timestamp":1697114773000},"page":"1487","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":51,"title":["Probiotics and Probiotic-like Agents against Chemotherapy-Induced Intestinal Mucositis: A Narrative Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7352-5703","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura","family":"L\u00f3pez-G\u00f3mez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Basic Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorc\u00f3n, Spain"},{"name":"High Performance Research Group in Physiopathology and Pharmacology of the Digestive System (NeuGut-URJC), University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorc\u00f3n, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandra","family":"Alcorta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Basic Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorc\u00f3n, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6726-8795","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raquel","family":"Abalo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Basic Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorc\u00f3n, Spain"},{"name":"High Performance Research Group in Physiopathology and Pharmacology of the Digestive System (NeuGut-URJC), University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorc\u00f3n, Spain"},{"name":"Associated I+D+i Unit to the Institute of Medicinal Chemistry (IQM), Scientific Research Superior Council (CSIC), 28006 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Working Group of Basic Sciences on Pain and Analgesia of the Spanish Pain Society, 28046 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Working Group of Basic Sciences on Cannabinoids of the Spanish Pain Society, 28046 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"(2023, May 29). 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