{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T06:06:16Z","timestamp":1789797976943,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,9]],"date-time":"2023-11-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1699488000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JPM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The present study aims to depict the importance of gender-related factors in the subjective perception of spine deformity in adolescents undergoing posterior instrumented fusion for scoliosis. Patients undergoing posterior spinal instrumentation and fusion (PSF) for idiopathic adolescent scoliosis (AIS) were recruited. The following data were recorded: gender, age, parents\u2019 civil status, Tegner Activity Scale (TAS), body mass index (BMI), concomitant diseases, and history of neuropsychological disorders. Each patient underwent clinical and radiological evaluations according to the protocol used at our institution. All the patients were assessed before surgery using the following Patient-Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs): the Italian version of the revised Scoliosis Research Society\u201422 patient questionnaire (SRS-22R), the Quality-of-Life Profile for Spinal Deformities (QLPSDs) questionnaire, and the Spinal Appearance Questionnaire (SAQ). The present study recruited 80 patients (male: 19, female: 61). A significant correlation was observed between BMI, TAS, and subjective perception scores. A worse deformity perception was observed in female patients and patients with divorced parents. Gender-related factors impact the subjective perception of spine deformity in patients undergoing PSF for AIS. Specific assessment and correction are needed to improve postoperative outcomes in these patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm13111585","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,9]],"date-time":"2023-11-09T03:42:40Z","timestamp":1699501360000},"page":"1585","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Gender-Related Factors Influence the Subjective Perception of Deformity in Patients Undergoing Surgery for Idiopathic Scoliosis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7516-2333","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Davide","family":"Bizzoca","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"UOSD Vertebral Surgery, AOU Consorziale Policlinico di Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy"},{"name":"PhD Course in Public Health, Clinical Medicine and Oncology, Department DiMePre-J, University of Bari \u201cAldo Moro\u201d, 70124 Bari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Solarino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Orthopedics Unit, Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience \u201cDiBraiN\u201d, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Bari, General Hospital, 70124 Bari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna Maria","family":"Moretti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pneumology, Santa Maria Hospital, Via De Ferrariis 18\/D, 70124 Bari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4215-7615","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lorenzo","family":"Moretti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Orthopedics Unit, Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience \u201cDiBraiN\u201d, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Bari, General Hospital, 70124 Bari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pasquale","family":"Dramisino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UOSD Vertebral Surgery, AOU Consorziale Policlinico di Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy"},{"name":"Orthopedics Unit, Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience \u201cDiBraiN\u201d, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Bari, General Hospital, 70124 Bari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Piazzolla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UOSD Vertebral Surgery, AOU Consorziale Policlinico di Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Biagio","family":"Moretti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Orthopedics Unit, Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience \u201cDiBraiN\u201d, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Bari, General Hospital, 70124 Bari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.1007\/s43390-022-00479-8","article-title":"Subjective perception of spinal deformity after selective versus non-selective fusion of Lenke 1C curves","volume":"10","author":"Bizzoca","year":"2022","journal-title":"Spine Deform."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000004623","article-title":"Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms and Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of the Literature","volume":"48","author":"AlMekkawi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e059673","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2021-059673","article-title":"Impact of biological sex and gender-related factors on public engagement in protective health behaviours during the COVID-19 pandemic: Cross-sectional analyses from a global survey","volume":"12","author":"Dev","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nielsen, M.W., Stefanick, M.L., Peragine, D., Neilands, T.B., Ioannidis, J.P.A., Pilote, L., Prochaska, J.J., Cullen, M.R., Einstein, G., and Klinge, I. (2021). Gender-related variables for health research. Biol. Sex Differ., 12.","DOI":"10.1186\/s13293-021-00366-3"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-7525-12-81","article-title":"Body image in idiopathic scoliosis: A comparison study of psychometric properties between four patient-reported outcome instruments","volume":"12","author":"Matamalas","year":"2014","journal-title":"Health Qual. Life Outcomes"},{"key":"ref_6","first-page":"319","article-title":"Evaluation of Self-Perceived Body Image in Adolescents with Mild Idiopathic Scoliosis","volume":"12","author":"Belli","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1527","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(08)60658-3","article-title":"Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis","volume":"371","author":"Weinstein","year":"2008","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"784","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-198610000-00007","article-title":"Natural History of Untreated Idiopathic Scoliosis After Skeletal Maturity","volume":"11","author":"Ascani","year":"1986","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000001210","article-title":"Body Image and Quality-of-Life in Untreated Versus Brace-Treated Females with Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis","volume":"41","author":"Schwieger","year":"2016","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100921","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijotn.2022.100921","article-title":"A systematic scoping review and textual narrative synthesis of the qualitative evidence related to adolescent idiopathic scoliosis","volume":"45","author":"Essex","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Orthop. Trauma Nurs."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E1412","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e3181e88981","article-title":"Development of the Italian version of the Revised Scoliosis Research Society-22 Patient Questionnaire, SRS-22r-I","volume":"35","author":"Monticone","year":"2010","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2006","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199509150-00011","article-title":"Construction and validation of a specific quality of life instrument for adolescents with spine deformities","volume":"20","author":"Climent","year":"1995","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E1240","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e318204f987","article-title":"Spinal Appearance Questionnaire","volume":"36","author":"Carreon","year":"2011","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.23736\/S0390-5616.16.03670-5","article-title":"Accuracy of plain radiographs to identify wrong positioned free hand pedicle screw in the deformed spine","volume":"63","author":"Piazzolla","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Neurosurg. Sci."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fernandes, P., Flores, I., and Soares do Brito, J. (2023). Benefits of Best Practice Guidelines in Spine Fusion: Comparable Correction in AIS with Higher Density and Fewer Complications. Healthcare, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare11111566"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.5312\/wjo.v13.i5.481","article-title":"Anterior vertebral body tethering for idiopathic scoliosis in growing children: A systematic review","volume":"13","author":"Bizzoca","year":"2022","journal-title":"World J. Orthop."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7546","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-11551-8","article-title":"A systematic review and meta-analysis of fusion rate enhancements and bone graft options for spine surgery","volume":"12","author":"Tavares","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_18","first-page":"45","article-title":"Gender-specific medicine in clinical research and health policy implications","volume":"4","author":"Peres","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ital. J. Gend. Specif. Med."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Solarino, G., Bizzoca, D., Moretti, A.M., D\u2019Apolito, R., Moretti, B., and Zagra, L. (2022). Sex and Gender-Related Differences in the Outcome of Total Hip Arthroplasty: A Current Concepts Review. Medicina, 58.","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina58121702"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1360","DOI":"10.3390\/clinpract13060122","article-title":"Gender-Related Issues in the Management of Low-Back Pain: A Current Concepts Review","volume":"13","author":"Bizzoca","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin. Pract."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1007\/s43390-020-00225-y","article-title":"Maria Adelaide brace in the management of Scheuermann\u2019s Kyphosis","volume":"9","author":"Piazzolla","year":"2021","journal-title":"Spine Deform."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"874","DOI":"10.1177\/2192568220928344","article-title":"Plasma Technology Reduces Blood Loss in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis Surgery: A Prospective Randomized Clinical Trial","volume":"11","author":"Piazzolla","year":"2021","journal-title":"Global Spine J."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.4137\/CMPed.S2117","article-title":"Surgery for idiopathic scoliosis: Currently applied techniques","volume":"3","author":"Maruyama","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin. Med. Pediatr."}],"container-title":["Journal of Personalized Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2075-4426\/13\/11\/1585\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T21:19:49Z","timestamp":1760131189000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2075-4426\/13\/11\/1585"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,9]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]}},"alternative-id":["jpm13111585"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jpm13111585","relation":{},"ISSN":["2075-4426"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2075-4426","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,9]]}}}