{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,4]],"date-time":"2025-12-04T10:06:45Z","timestamp":1764842805310,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,9]],"date-time":"2023-12-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1702080000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JPM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Thoracic surgery causes significant pain despite standard multimodal analgesia. Intraoperative cryoanalgesia may be a solution. The onset of the clinical effect of cryoanalgesia can take 12\u201336 h. The addition of a regional anaesthesia before the cryoanalgesia procedure can enable analgesic protection for the patient during this period. The main aim of the study was to evaluate the benefits of the erector spinae plane (ESP) block prior to Nuss surgery. The \u2018control\u2019 group consisted of 10 teenagers who underwent cryoablation together with intravenous multimodal analgesia according to the standard protocol. The \u2018intervention\u2019 group included 26 teenage patients who additionally received an erector spinae plane block before operation. Pain relief (p = 0.015), opioid use (p = 0.009), independent physical activity and rehabilitation (p = 0.020) were faster in the intervention group. No features of local anaesthetic drug toxicity or complications of the ESP block were observed. The bilateral ESP block together with intraoperative intercostal nerve cryoablation performed prior to Nuss correction of funnel chest were more effective in terms of pain control.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm13121696","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,11]],"date-time":"2023-12-11T03:25:31Z","timestamp":1702265131000},"page":"1696","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Benefits of the Erector Spinae Plane Block before Cryoanalgesia in Children Undergoing Surgery for Funnel Chest Deformity"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"S\u0142awomir","family":"Zacha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Orthopaedics and Musculoskeletal Oncology, Pomeranian Medical University, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Konrad","family":"Jarosz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Nursing, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karolina","family":"Kokot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Pomeranian Medical University, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jaros\u0142aw","family":"Bi\u0142as","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Orthopaedics and Musculoskeletal Oncology, Pomeranian Medical University, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3430-9079","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karolina","family":"Skonieczna-\u017bydecka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemical Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sylwester","family":"Gerus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Surgery and Urology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroc\u0142aw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Klaudyna","family":"Kojder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Pomeranian Medical University, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jowita","family":"Biernawska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Pomeranian Medical University, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Ashcraft, K.W., Holcomb, G.W., Murphy, J.P., and Ostlie, D.J. 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