{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T11:49:34Z","timestamp":1792496974863,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,28]],"date-time":"2023-12-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1703721600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100014188","name":"Ministry of Science and ICT","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RS-2022-00165895"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2022-00165895"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100014188","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JPM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>We compare the outcomes of physical examination-indicated cerclage (PEIC) between singleton and twin pregnancies and analyze predictive factors for preterm birth &lt; 28 weeks of gestation. Patients who underwent PEIC at our center were reviewed. We compared perinatal outcomes between singleton and twin pregnancies. The primary outcome was delivery before 28 weeks of gestation. Also, we analyzed perioperative clinical, laboratory, and sonographic findings to determine the risk factors for predicting preterm birth &lt; 28 weeks. The rate of preterm birth &lt; 28 weeks was not significantly different. Also, neonatal outcomes were not different. Also, we compared the outcomes according to GA (gestational age) at delivery before (Group A) or after (Group B) 28 weeks, which is the primary outcome. In perioperative findings, group A was likely to have more advanced cervical dilatation, bulging membranes into the vagina, positive fFN or IGFBP-1, and shorter postoperative CL (cervical length) than group B. Also, positive fFN or IGFBP-1 and postoperative CL &lt; 21.6 mm were independently associated with a higher risk of preterm birth &lt; 28 weeks. These findings provide the effectiveness of PEIC with twin pregnancy as well as singleton pregnancy and helpful predictive methods that might effectively identify women at high risk of preterm birth &lt; 28 weeks following PEIC.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm14010038","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,28]],"date-time":"2023-12-28T03:30:34Z","timestamp":1703734234000},"page":"38","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Physical Examination-Indicated Cerclage in Singleton and Twin Pregnancies and Risk Factors for Predicting Preterm Birth &lt; 28 Weeks"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Ji-Eun","family":"Song","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hallym University College of Medicine, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul 07441, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suyeon","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Inha University College of Medicine, Inha University Hospital, Incheon 22332, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiwon","family":"Ryu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hallym University College of Medicine, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul 07441, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2009-2959","article-title":"Neonatal outcomes of extremely preterm infants from the NICHD Neonatal Research Network","volume":"126","author":"Stoll","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2016.01.004","article-title":"Preterm neonatal morbidity and mortality by gestational age: A contemporary cohort","volume":"215","author":"Manuck","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am. 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