{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,5]],"date-time":"2026-02-05T23:17:37Z","timestamp":1770333457170,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,12]],"date-time":"2024-01-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1705017600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII)","award":["PI21\/01244"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PI21\/01244"]}]},{"name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII)","award":["P2022-BMD\/7321"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P2022-BMD\/7321"]}]},{"name":"Madrid\u2019s community","award":["PI21\/01244"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PI21\/01244"]}]},{"name":"Madrid\u2019s community","award":["P2022-BMD\/7321"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P2022-BMD\/7321"]}]},{"name":"ProACapital","award":["PI21\/01244"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PI21\/01244"]}]},{"name":"ProACapital","award":["P2022-BMD\/7321"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P2022-BMD\/7321"]}]},{"name":"HALE KULANI, S. L.","award":["PI21\/01244"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PI21\/01244"]}]},{"name":"HALE KULANI, S. L.","award":["P2022-BMD\/7321"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P2022-BMD\/7321"]}]},{"name":"MJR","award":["PI21\/01244"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PI21\/01244"]}]},{"name":"MJR","award":["P2022-BMD\/7321"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P2022-BMD\/7321"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JPM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>It is estimated that approximately one in three women develop chronic venous disease (CVD) during pregnancy, a broad spectrum of morphofunctional disorders affecting the venous system in different regions of the body, including the lower limbs. A growing body of evidence supports the diverse maternofetal consequences derived from this condition, with the placenta being an organ particularly affected. Among other consequences, having CVD during pregnancy has been associated with systemic inflammation and altered cytokines and chemokine profiles in the maternal and fetal serum related to this condition. In the present work, we aimed to analyze if these inflammatory changes also occurred in the placental tissue of women with CVD, exploring by immunohistochemistry and real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) gene and protein expression of critical inflammatory markers like allograft inflammatory factor 1 (AIF-1), interleukin 10 (IL-10), IL-12A, and IL-18. Our results demonstrate an enhanced tissue expression of AIF-1, IL-12A, and IL-18, accompanied by a decrease in IL-10 in the placentas of women who had undergone CVD during pregnancy. Overall, our results suggest a possible pathophysiological role of inflammation in the placental tissue of women with CVD during pregnancy, although the precise consequences of this feature remain to be deeply analyzed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm14010087","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,12]],"date-time":"2024-01-12T09:24:11Z","timestamp":1705051451000},"page":"87","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Histopathological Clues of Enhanced Inflammation in the Placental Tissue of Women with Chronic Venous Disease in Lower Limbs during Pregnancy"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Mar\u00eda Asunci\u00f3n","family":"S\u00e1nchez-Gil","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcal\u00e1, 28801 Alcal\u00e1 de Henares, Spain"},{"name":"Ram\u00f3n y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"University Defense Center of Madrid (CUD), 28047 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4494-6397","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Oscar","family":"Fraile-Martinez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcal\u00e1, 28801 Alcal\u00e1 de Henares, Spain"},{"name":"Ram\u00f3n y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cielo","family":"Garc\u00eda-Montero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcal\u00e1, 28801 Alcal\u00e1 de Henares, Spain"},{"name":"Ram\u00f3n y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7222-8096","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mar\u00eda Del Val","family":"Toledo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ram\u00f3n y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Alcal\u00e1, 28801 Alcal\u00e1 de Henares, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luis G.","family":"Guijarro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ram\u00f3n y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Systems Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (Networking Research Center on for Liver and Digestive Diseases (CIBEREHD)), University of Alcal\u00e1, 28801 Alcal\u00e1 de Henares, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6320-2668","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan A.","family":"De Le\u00f3n-Luis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public and Maternal and Child Health, School of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Gregorio Mara\u00f1\u00f3n, 28009 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Health Research Institute Gregorio Mara\u00f1\u00f3n, 28009 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Coral","family":"Bravo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public and Maternal and Child Health, School of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Gregorio Mara\u00f1\u00f3n, 28009 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Health Research Institute Gregorio Mara\u00f1\u00f3n, 28009 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0412-939X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ra\u00fal","family":"D\u00edaz-Pedrero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ram\u00f3n y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Surgery, Medical and Social Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcal\u00e1, 28801 Alcal\u00e1 de Henares, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"L\u00f3pez-Gonzalez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ram\u00f3n y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Surgery, Medical and Social Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcal\u00e1, 28801 Alcal\u00e1 de Henares, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8389-258X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miguel A.","family":"Saez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcal\u00e1, 28801 Alcal\u00e1 de Henares, Spain"},{"name":"Ram\u00f3n y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Pathological Anatomy Service, University Hospital G\u00f3mez-Ulla, 28806 Alcal\u00e1 de Henares, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1309-7510","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Melchor","family":"\u00c1lvarez-Mon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcal\u00e1, 28801 Alcal\u00e1 de Henares, Spain"},{"name":"Ram\u00f3n y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Immune System Diseases-Rheumatology and Internal Medicine Service, University Hospital Prince of Asturias, Networking Research Center on for Liver and Digestive Diseases (CIBEREHD), 28806 Alcal\u00e1 de Henares, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0904-6198","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Natalio","family":"Garc\u00eda-Honduvilla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcal\u00e1, 28801 Alcal\u00e1 de Henares, Spain"},{"name":"Ram\u00f3n y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2588-1708","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miguel A.","family":"Ortega","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department 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