{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T23:44:44Z","timestamp":1790639084071,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,18]],"date-time":"2024-01-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1705536000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010564","name":"Deutsche Zentrum f\u00fcr Lungenforschung","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["#82DZL002A1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#82DZL002A1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010564","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010564","name":"Deutsche Zentrum f\u00fcr Lungenforschung","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["202308500039"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202308500039"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010564","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Kamada Pharmaceuticals, Rehovot, Israel","award":["#82DZL002A1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#82DZL002A1"]}]},{"name":"Kamada Pharmaceuticals, Rehovot, Israel","award":["202308500039"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202308500039"]}]},{"name":"DZL","award":["#82DZL002A1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#82DZL002A1"]}]},{"name":"DZL","award":["202308500039"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202308500039"]}]},{"name":"China Scholarship Council","award":["#82DZL002A1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#82DZL002A1"]}]},{"name":"China Scholarship Council","award":["202308500039"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202308500039"]}]},{"name":"Hannover Biomedical Research School (HBRS)","award":["#82DZL002A1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#82DZL002A1"]}]},{"name":"Hannover Biomedical Research School (HBRS)","award":["202308500039"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202308500039"]}]},{"name":"Center for Infection Biology (ZIB)","award":["#82DZL002A1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#82DZL002A1"]}]},{"name":"Center for Infection Biology (ZIB)","award":["202308500039"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202308500039"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JPM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: In recent years, increasingly complex ALI protocols involving specialized, albeit laboratory-specific media have been established, while at the same time, many studies compile the data of only a few ALI donors in spite of site-, protocol- and donor-specific differentiation. Methods: We describe a simple morphology scoring protocol using histology material derived from epithelia grown on ALI inserts in parallel to other, more complex readouts. Results: Among more than 100 ALI inserts derived from different donors, significant differences in layer score (p = 0.001) and goblet cell score (p = 0.002) were observed when ALI epithelia derived from explanted lung material were compared to trachea-derived ALI cultures. Cortisol withdrawal for the final 2 days of ALI cultures influenced goblet cell density (p = 0.001). Conclusions: While the histology score provides less resolution than FACS- or OMICs- based single cell analyses, the use of a subportion of the ALI epithelia grown on inserts makes it feasible to combine morphology assessment and other readouts of the same insert. This allows us to control for basic ALI morphology in research and personalized medicine settings in order to assess and, if desired, control for the impact of ALI culture protocols, site- and donor-specific influences on outcome of studies of ALI-derived epithelia.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm14010109","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,18]],"date-time":"2024-01-18T11:28:46Z","timestamp":1705577326000},"page":"109","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["A Fast Scoring of Human Primary Respiratory Epithelia Grown at Air\u2013Liquid Interface (ALI) to Assess Epithelial Morphology in Research and Personalized Medicine Settings"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Christopher T.","family":"Lutsch","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Pneumology, Allergology and Neonatology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany"},{"name":"Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 30625 Hannover, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Longhua","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Pneumology, Allergology and Neonatology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany"},{"name":"Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 30625 Hannover, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"G\u00f3mez Hohn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Pathology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lennart","family":"Brandt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Pathology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephanie","family":"Tamm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Pneumology, Allergology and Neonatology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany"},{"name":"Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 30625 Hannover, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sabina","family":"Janciauskiene","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 30625 Hannover, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6186-0149","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Frauke","family":"Stanke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Pneumology, Allergology and Neonatology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany"},{"name":"Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 30625 Hannover, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5251-2281","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Danny","family":"Jonigk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 30625 Hannover, Germany"},{"name":"Institute of Pathology, School of Medicine, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna-Maria","family":"Dittrich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Pneumology, Allergology and Neonatology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany"},{"name":"Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 30625 Hannover, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3673-7779","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter","family":"Braubach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Pathology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Picot, J. 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