{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]],"date-time":"2026-07-09T21:26:56Z","timestamp":1783632416024,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,10]],"date-time":"2024-02-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1707523200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JPM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Bell\u2019s palsy is possibly an ischemic cranial neuropathy, although reactivation of herpes virus infection has been proposed. Methods: This was an age-and sex-matched and 1:2 case\u2013control study enrolling Bell\u2019s palsy patients during 2011\u20132021 in a university hospital to investigate the significant associations of cardiometabolic risks (CMRs) with Bell\u2019s palsy. We analyzed the differences in waist circumference (WC), body mass index (BMI), systolic and diastolic blood pressures (SBP and DBP), fasting blood sugar (FBS), and lipid levels at 12 weeks post-Bell\u2019s palsy with those of the controls by descriptive statistics (p &lt; 0.05). The differences in means or medians of individual CMR values across the consecutive 10-year age intervals were analyzed by ANOVA F-tests and Kruskal\u2013Wallis tests (p &lt; 0.05). Results: A total of 140 cases and 280 controls were enrolled. Bell\u2019s palsy patients had significantly higher WC, BMI, SBP, DBP, FBS, and triglyceride but lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). Moreover, high WC, elevated FBS (\u2265100 mg\/dL), SBP (\u2265130 mmHg), and total cholesterol were significantly associated with Bell\u2019s palsy cases by multivariable analysis. Only FBS in Bell\u2019s palsy patients significantly elevated across consecutive 10-year age intervals. Conclusion: Screening and monitoring for CMRs, especially hyperglycemia, in every patient presenting with Bell\u2019s palsy is essential despite initial normoglycemia, particularly in older-onset cases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm14020197","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,12]],"date-time":"2024-02-12T03:50:27Z","timestamp":1707709827000},"page":"197","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Association between Bell\u2019s Palsy and Cardiometabolic Risks: An Age- and Sex-Matched Case\u2013Control Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Panitta","family":"Mueanchoo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90110, Songkhla, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nualsakol","family":"Tepparak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Songkhla Rajanakarindra Psychiatric Hospital, Meung 90000, Songkhla, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pensri","family":"Chongphattararot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90110, Songkhla, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nannapat","family":"Pruphetkaew","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Epidemiology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90110, Songkhla, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suwanna","family":"Setthawatcharawanich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90110, Songkhla, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pat","family":"Korathanakhun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90110, Songkhla, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thanyalak","family":"Amornpojnimman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90110, Songkhla, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chutarat","family":"Sathirapanya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90110, Songkhla, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3404-6747","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pornchai","family":"Sathirapanya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90110, Songkhla, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1080\/000164802760370736","article-title":"Bell\u2019s palsy: The spontaneous course of 2,500 peripheral facial nerve palsies of different etiologies","volume":"549","author":"Peitersen","year":"2002","journal-title":"Acta Otolaryngol. 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