{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T10:54:50Z","timestamp":1791975290497,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,15]],"date-time":"2024-05-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1715731200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004714","name":"Korean Society of Neurogastroenterology and Motility","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["KSNM-22-06"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KSNM-22-06"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004714","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JPM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Although adverse events of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) have been reported, there are few studies on physicians\u2019 perceptions. We aimed to investigate physicians\u2019 awareness of PPI-related adverse events and changes in treatment patterns according to their practice. We conducted an online survey of physicians using a 15-item questionnaire. The survey queried respondents\u2019 demographic information, PPI prescription patterns, perceptions, and concerns on the reported PPI-related adverse events. Concerns regarding the adverse events of PPI were assessed by dividing them into possibilities and medical causality. Of the 450 respondents, 430 were specialists, and 232 were gastroenterologists. A total of 87.8% of the respondents were generally or well aware of the adverse effects of PPI, 29.1% considered side effects when prescribing PPI, and 14.6% explained them to patients. Specialists were more aware of the side effects of PPI than general practitioners (p = 0.005), and gastroenterologists were more aware of the side effects of PPI than non-gastroenterologists (p &lt; 0.001). However, gastroenterologists explained less to patients (p = 0.001) and preferred to reduce the dose of PPI rather than discontinue it. The adverse events that were recognized as having the highest probability of occurrence and strongest association with PPI use were bone diseases, Clostridium difficile infection, gastrointestinal infection, pneumonia, and interactions with anti-thrombotic drugs. Physicians\u2019 awareness of PPI-related adverse events and treatment patterns differed significantly according to their positions and practice. Although a number of adverse events of PPIs were reported, physicians seem to accept their significance differently according to their specialty and practice patterns.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm14050529","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,15]],"date-time":"2024-05-15T11:31:52Z","timestamp":1715772712000},"page":"529","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Awareness of Proton Pump Inhibitor Adverse Events and Treatment Pattern Change According to Physician Practice: A National Questionnaire Study in Korea"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Yong Hoon","family":"Choi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam 13620, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4417-0135","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seung In","family":"Seo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul 05355, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6668-3113","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Da Hyun","family":"Jung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joon Sung","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Incheon St. Mary\u2019s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 05355, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seung Young","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 02842, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4912-7136","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hyun Chul","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin 16995, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Young Hoon","family":"Youn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 06273, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1159","DOI":"10.1007\/s00228-023-03534-z","article-title":"Proton pump inhibitor use: Systematic review of global trends and practices","volume":"79","author":"Shanika","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.17480\/psk.2021.65.4.276","article-title":"Utilization trends of proton pump inhibitors in South Korea: Analysis using 2016-2020 healthcare bigdata hub by Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service","volume":"65","author":"Oh","year":"2021","journal-title":"Yakhak Hoeji"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1007\/s40265-019-01110-3","article-title":"The clinician\u2019s guide to proton pump inhibitor related adverse events","volume":"79","author":"Elias","year":"2019","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2536","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.21360","article-title":"Gastroesophageal reflux disease: A review","volume":"324","author":"Markar","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref_5","first-page":"l5495","article-title":"Peptic ulcer disease","volume":"367","author":"Dunn","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1689","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30469-4","article-title":"Functional dyspepsia","volume":"396","author":"Ford","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2015.7193","article-title":"Proton pump inhibitor use and the risk of chronic kidney disease","volume":"176","author":"Lazarus","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAMA Intern. Med."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2947","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.296.24.2947","article-title":"Long-term proton pump inhibitor therapy and risk of hip fracture","volume":"296","author":"Yang","year":"2006","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1534","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.15879","article-title":"Long-term proton pump inhibitor use and risk of osteoporosis and hip fractures: A nationwide population-based and multicenter cohort study using a common data model","volume":"37","author":"Park","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2015.4791","article-title":"Association of proton pump inhibitors with risk of dementia: A pharmacoepidemiological claims data analysis","volume":"73","author":"Gomm","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1325","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.14983","article-title":"Comparative risk of Clostridium difficile infection between proton pump inhibitors and histamine-2 receptor antagonists: A 15-year hospital cohort study using a common data model","volume":"35","author":"Seo","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1955","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.292.16.1955","article-title":"Risk of communityacquired pneumonia and use of gastric acid suppressive drugs","volume":"292","author":"Laheij","year":"2004","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1038\/nrcardio.2010.185","article-title":"Antiplatelet therapy: Clopidogrel-PPI interaction, an ongoing controversy","volume":"8","author":"Gurbel","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2066","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2020-323845","article-title":"Association between proton pump inhibitor use and gastric cancer: A population-based cohort study using two different types of nationwide databases in Korea","volume":"70","author":"Seo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2017.04.047","article-title":"Complications of proton pump inhibitor therapy","volume":"153","author":"Vaezi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.15522","article-title":"Reported proton pump inhibitor side effects: What are physician and patient perspectives and behaviour patterns?","volume":"51","author":"Ghosh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"689","DOI":"10.14309\/ajg.0000000000000558","article-title":"Physicians\u2019 perceptions of proton pump inhibitor risks and recommendations to discontinue: A national survey","volume":"115","author":"Kurlander","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am. J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"945","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2006.03084.x","article-title":"Discontinuation of proton pump inhibitors in patients on long-term therapy: A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"24","author":"Bjornsson","year":"2006","journal-title":"Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2011.11.021","article-title":"Maintenance of heartburn relief after step-down from twice-daily proton pump inhibitor to once-daily dexlansoprazole modified release","volume":"10","author":"Fass","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_20","first-page":"215","article-title":"Effect and cost-effectiveness of step-up versus step-down treatment with antacids, H2-receptor antagonists, and proton pump inhibitors in patients with new onset dyspepsia (DIAMOND study): A primary-care-based randomised controlled trial","volume":"373","author":"Mujakovic","year":"2008","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"682","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2019.05.056","article-title":"Safety of proton pump inhibitors based on a large, multi-year, randomized trial of patients receiving rivaroxaban or aspirin","volume":"157","author":"Moayyedi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"}],"container-title":["Journal of Personalized Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2075-4426\/14\/5\/529\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T14:42:58Z","timestamp":1760107378000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2075-4426\/14\/5\/529"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,15]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]}},"alternative-id":["jpm14050529"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jpm14050529","relation":{},"ISSN":["2075-4426"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2075-4426","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,15]]}}}