{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T09:49:34Z","timestamp":1767260974409,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,6]],"date-time":"2024-08-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1722902400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JPM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Ambient air pollution\u2019s health impacts are well documented, yet the domestic environment remains underexplored. We aimed to compare indoor versus outdoor (I\/O) air quality and estimate the association between indoor\/ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure and lung function in asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients. The study involved 24 h monitoring of PM2.5 levels indoors and outdoors, daily peak expiratory flow (PEF), and biweekly symptoms collection from five patients with asthma and COPD (average age of 50 years, 40% male) over a whole year. Data analysis was performed with linear mixed effect models for PEF and generalized estimating equations (GEE) for exacerbations. More than 5 million PM2.5 exposure and meteorological data were collected, demonstrating significant I\/O PM2.5 ratio variability with an average ratio of 2.20 (\u00b12.10). Identified indoor PM2.5 sources included tobacco use, open fireplaces, and cooking, resulting in average indoor PM2.5 concentrations of 63.89 \u03bcg\/m3 (\u00b168.41), significantly exceeding revised World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines. Analysis indicated a correlation between ambient PM2.5 levels and decreased PEF over 0-to-3-day lag, with autumn indoor exposure significantly impacting PEF and wheezing. The study underscores the need to incorporate domestic air quality into public health research and policy-making. A personalized approach is required depending on the living conditions, taking into account the exposure to particulate pollution.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm14080833","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,6]],"date-time":"2024-08-06T15:24:16Z","timestamp":1722957856000},"page":"833","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Assessing the Impact of Spatial and Temporal Variability in Fine Particulate Matter Pollution on Respiratory Health Outcomes in Asthma and COPD Patients"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Irini","family":"Xydi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41110 Larissa, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Georgios","family":"Saharidis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Thessaly, 38334 Volos, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Georgios","family":"Kalantzis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Thessaly, 38334 Volos, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8846-519X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ioannis","family":"Pantazopoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emergency Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41110 Larissa, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9541-1010","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Konstantinos I.","family":"Gourgoulianis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41110 Larissa, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ourania S.","family":"Kotsiou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Human Pathophysiology, Nursing Department, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"(2023, December 18). 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