{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,3]],"date-time":"2026-03-03T00:36:29Z","timestamp":1772498189714,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,3]],"date-time":"2024-09-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725321600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Korea Medical Device Development Fund","award":["RS-2020-KD000276"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2020-KD000276"]}]},{"name":"Korea Medical Device Development Fund","award":["RS-2023-00285144"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2023-00285144"]}]},{"name":"Starting Growth Technological R&amp;D Program","award":["RS-2020-KD000276"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2020-KD000276"]}]},{"name":"Starting Growth Technological R&amp;D Program","award":["RS-2023-00285144"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2023-00285144"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JPM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>(1) Background: Female sexual dysfunction (FSD) and overactive bladder (OAB) are prevalent disorders that significantly impair women\u2019s quality of life. While pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) is a well-established treatment for OAB, its effectiveness for FSD remains uncertain. Recent studies suggest that intravaginal electrical stimulation (IVES) may enhance the effects of PFMT. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of combining IVES with PFMT to improve sexual function and bladder control in women with OAB and FSD. (2) Methods: A total of 40 women with FSD and OAB as determined by the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) and Overactive Bladder Symptom Score (OABSS) were randomized into two groups: group 1, the intravaginal electrical stimulation group (IVESG) (n = 20), and group 2, the placebo control group (CG) (n = 20). Patients in both groups received PFMT during the trial, and the IVESG underwent 10 weeks of electrical stimulation. The primary outcome was the change in the FSFI score from baseline to week 4 and week 10. The secondary outcome was a comparison of the OABSS values at week 4 and week 10 of the trial. (3) Results: After treatment, the IVESG scores for the total FSFI, sexual arousal and orgasm, increased significantly (p &lt; 0.05). After 10 weeks of treatment, the OABSS values for IVESG were significantly lower (p &lt; 0.01). After 10 weeks of treatment, the percentage of patients with mild OAB in the IVESG and CG increased by 53.33% and 60%, respectively, while the percentage of patients with both moderate and severe OAB decreased, especially in the IVESG, where patients with severe OAB were non-existent after 10 weeks of treatment. (4) Conclusions: IVES combined with PFMT improved objective and subjective measures of FSD and OAB. There was a significant improvement in FSD (including arousal and orgasmic domain scores). This study concludes that IVES is an effective conservative treatment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm14090938","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,3]],"date-time":"2024-09-03T09:56:42Z","timestamp":1725357402000},"page":"938","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Effectiveness of Electrical Stimulation Combined with Pelvic Floor Muscle Training on Female Sexual Dysfunction with Overactive Bladder: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8223-7487","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"JunJie","family":"Piao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 03083, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Catholic Integrative Medicine Research Institute, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dongho","family":"Shin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 03083, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Catholic Integrative Medicine Research Institute, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"MyeongKeon","family":"Moon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Catholic Integrative Medicine Research Institute, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"SaeWoong","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 03083, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Catholic Integrative Medicine Research Institute, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Green Medicine Co., Ltd., Busan 48307, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"China-Korea Joint Research Center for Male Reproductive and Sexual Medicine, Institute of Urology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 301700, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"WoongJin","family":"Bae","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 03083, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Catholic Integrative Medicine Research Institute, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Green Medicine Co., Ltd., Busan 48307, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"China-Korea Joint Research Center for Male Reproductive and Sexual Medicine, Institute of Urology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 301700, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1195","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-020-04373-7","article-title":"Biofeedback versus electrical stimulation for sexual dysfunction: A randomized clinical trial","volume":"32","author":"Aalaie","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. 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