{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,21]],"date-time":"2025-12-21T14:25:40Z","timestamp":1766327140384,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,25]],"date-time":"2024-10-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1729814400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JPM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: The therapeutic approach to bone mass loss and bone\u2019s limited self-regeneration is a major focus of research, emphasizing new biomaterials and cell therapy. Tissue bioengineering emerges as a potential alternative to conventional treatments. In this study, an experimental model of a critical bone lesion in rats was used to investigate bone regeneration by treating the defect with biomaterials Evolution\u00ae and Gen-Os\u00ae (OsteoBiol\u00ae, Tur\u00edn, Italy), with or without mesenchymal stromal cells from dental pulp (DP-MSCs). Methods: Forty-six adult male Wistar rats were subjected to a 5-mm critical bone defect in the right mandible, which does not regenerate without intervention. The rats were randomly assigned to a Simulated Group, Control Group, or two Study Groups (using Evolution\u00ae, Gen-Os\u00ae, and DP-MSCs). The specimens were euthanized at three or six months, and radiological, histological, and ELISA tests were conducted to assess bone regeneration. Results: The radiological results showed that the DP-MSC group achieved uniform radiopacity and continuity in the bone edge, with near-complete structural defect restitution. Histologically, full bone regeneration was observed, with well-organized, vascularized lamellar bone and no lesion edges. These findings were supported by increases in endoglin, transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-\u03b21), protocollagen, parathormone, and calcitonin, indicating a conducive environment for bone regeneration. Conclusions: The use of DP-MSCs combined with biomaterials with appropriate three-dimensional matrices is a promising therapeutic option for further exploration.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm14111075","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,25]],"date-time":"2024-10-25T07:51:29Z","timestamp":1729842689000},"page":"1075","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Bone Regeneration with Dental Pulp Stem Cells in an Experimental Model"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Haifa","family":"Hamad-Alrashid","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Doctoral School \u201cStudii Salamantini\u201d, University of Salamanca, 37008 Salamanca, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7164-0767","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sandra","family":"Munti\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Research Institute (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain"},{"name":"Regenerative Medicine and Cellular Therapy Network Center of Castilla y Le\u00f3n, 37007 Salamanca, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7076-7739","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ferm\u00edn","family":"S\u00e1nchez-Guijo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Regenerative Medicine and Cellular Therapy Network Center of Castilla y Le\u00f3n, 37007 Salamanca, Spain"},{"name":"Hematology Department, University Hospital of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6418-7845","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Javier","family":"Borrajo-S\u00e1nchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8133-5627","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Felipe","family":"Parre\u00f1o-Manchado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain"},{"name":"Coordinator of the Esophagogastric Surgery and Obesity Unit, University Hospital of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8950-8542","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M. Bego\u00f1a","family":"Garc\u00eda-Cenador","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Research Institute (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"F. Javier","family":"Garc\u00eda-Criado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Research Institute (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1007\/s11864-021-00835-2","article-title":"Cancer Treatment-Induced Bone Loss (CTIBL): State of the Art and Proper Management in Breast Cancer Patients on Endocrine Therapy","volume":"22","author":"Diana","year":"2021","journal-title":"Curr. Treat. Options Oncol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1007\/164_2019_340","article-title":"Drugs Causing Bone Loss","volume":"262","author":"Vestergaard","year":"2020","journal-title":"Handb. Exp. 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