{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,6]],"date-time":"2026-02-06T05:00:01Z","timestamp":1770354001489,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,15]],"date-time":"2024-11-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1731628800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JPM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Hypothalamic gliomas, though rare, present significant challenges in neuro-oncology due to their critical location and high morbidity risk. Pilocytic astrocytoma is the most common subtype, requiring a delicate balance between tumor control and preservation of neurological function. This study explores radiosurgery as a viable treatment option for hypothalamic gliomas, with a focus on low-grade lesions. Methods: A comprehensive literature review was conducted using the PubMed database to compare the outcomes of surgical and non-surgical interventions for hypothalamic gliomas. The purpose of case report and clinical guidelines is to present a case report and critically compare its outcomes with the data identified in the literature. We report the case of a 25-year-old male presenting with hypernatremia, diabetes insipidus, and altered mental status. Imaging revealed a hypothalamic lesion consistent clinically with a low-grade astrocytoma. Given the tumor\u2019s proximity to critical neurovascular structures, gamma knife radiosurgery was chosen as the intervention. Post treatment, tumor reduction and neurological improvement were observed and documented. Results: The case demonstrated a significant decrease in tumor size and resolution of neurological symptoms post radiosurgery. The management of hypothalamic gliomas remains contentious due to the complex anatomy of the hypothalamus. While surgical resection remains common, it carries a high risk of morbidity. Radiosurgery offers a minimally invasive alternative, effectively controlling tumor growth while reducing neurological risk. The favorable outcomes in our case, supported by the literature, highlight the efficacy of radiosurgery, particularly for low-grade astrocytomas. Conclusions: Gamma knife radiosurgery presents a promising alternative to conventional surgery for hypothalamic gliomas, particularly low-grade lesions such as pilocytic astrocytomas. The reduction in surgical risk and positive clinical outcomes make radiosurgery a valuable tool in the management of these challenging tumors.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm14111108","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,18]],"date-time":"2024-11-18T04:07:09Z","timestamp":1731902829000},"page":"1108","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Radiosurgery for Hypothalamic Gliomas: A Case Report and Clinical Guidelines Form a Neurosurgical Center of Excellence"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7283-5988","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jose","family":"Valerio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurosurgery Department, Palmetto General Hospital, Hialeah, FL 33313, USA"},{"name":"Neurosurgery Oncology Center of Excellence, Neurosurgery Department, Miami Neuroscience Center at Larkin, South Miami, FL 33143, USA"},{"name":"Neurosurgery Department, Latino America Valerio Foundation, Weston, FL 33331, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9896-506X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matteo","family":"Borro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurosurgery Department, Latino America Valerio Foundation, Weston, FL 33331, USA"},{"name":"Internal Medicine Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo R. Benzi 10, 16132 Genova, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-7489-5086","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Noe","family":"Santiago Rea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurosurgery Department, Latino America Valerio Foundation, Weston, FL 33331, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-5788-4703","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laurel","family":"Valente","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurosurgery Department, Latino America Valerio Foundation, Weston, FL 33331, USA"},{"name":"College of Science, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9506-5282","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria P.","family":"Fernandez-Gomez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurosurgery Department, Latino America Valerio Foundation, Weston, FL 33331, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-9471-167X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jorge","family":"Zumaeta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurosurgery Department, Latino America Valerio Foundation, Weston, FL 33331, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Penelope","family":"Mantilla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurosurgery Department, Latino America Valerio Foundation, Weston, FL 33331, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3488-8020","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andres M.","family":"Alvarez-Pinzon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurosurgery Department, Latino America Valerio Foundation, Weston, FL 33331, USA"},{"name":"Institute for Human Health and Disease Intervention, Division of Research, FAU Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA"},{"name":"Cancer Neuroscience Program, The Institute of Neuroscience of Castilla y Le\u00f3n (INCYL), Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-3019(87)90309-0","article-title":"Hypothalamic glioma","volume":"28","author":"Gillett","year":"1987","journal-title":"Surg. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1159\/000092364","article-title":"Hypothalamic Glioma Presenting with Seizures","volume":"42","author":"Gupta","year":"2006","journal-title":"Pediatr. 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