{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T03:27:48Z","timestamp":1793330868195,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,3]],"date-time":"2025-01-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735862400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JPM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background and Aims: Alopecia areata (AA) is a non-scarring inflammatory hair loss condition associated with various immune-mediated comorbidities. Prediabetes, characterized by elevated blood glucose levels not yet high enough to be classified as diabetes, significantly increases the risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular complications. The associations between AA obesity and prediabetes have long been investigated in an attempt to identify preventable risk factors, yet the literature is relatively scarce and inconclusive. This study aimed to explore the association between AA, prediabetes, obesity, and T2DM in a large population cohort. Methods: All patients diagnosed with AA between 2005 and 2019 within Maccabi Healthcare Services (MHS) in Israel were compared with age-matched and gender-matched healthy controls for prediabetes, T2DM and obesity, using logistic regression models for all analyses. A total of 33,401 patients with AA and 66,802 controls were included in the analysis. Results: The prevalence of prediabetes was significantly higher in AA patients (26.3%) compared to controls (18.1%), with an odds ratio (OR) of 1.62. Obesity prevalence was also higher in AA patients (17.2% vs. 13.3%, OR 1.35). T2DM prevalence was similar between groups. Prediabetes prevalence notably increased with age in AA patients, especially in those aged 40 and older (OR 2.02). Discussion: The study highlights a significant association between prediabetes and alopecia areata, with prediabetes risk emerging prominently in AA patients. Obesity also showed a strong link with AA. These findings suggest the need for regular screening and early management of prediabetes and obesity in patients with AA to potentially mitigate associated health risks.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm15010016","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,3]],"date-time":"2025-01-03T05:02:02Z","timestamp":1735880522000},"page":"16","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Alopecia Areata Is Associated with an Increased Risk for Prediabetes and Obesity: A Nationwide Case\u2014Control Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Yonit","family":"Wohl","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Ariel University, Ariel 4070000, Israel"},{"name":"Maccabi Health Services, Tel-Aviv 6812509, Israel"},{"name":"Kahn Sagol Maccabi Research and Innovation Center, Maccabi Healthcare Services, Tel-Aviv 6812509, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9417-2932","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jacob","family":"Mashiah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Dermatology Unit, Division of Dermatology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv 6423906, Israel"},{"name":"Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel"},{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Reference Center for Genodermatoses and Rare Skin Diseases (MAGEC), Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, 75015 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oberkovich","family":"Noy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Ariel University, Ariel 4070000, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yarden","family":"Drutin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatrics Department, Dana-Dwek Children\u2019s Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv 6423906, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shiraz","family":"Vered","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health, University of Haifa, Haifa 3103301, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9627-7626","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amir","family":"Ben-Tov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Maccabi Health Services, Tel-Aviv 6812509, Israel"},{"name":"Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel"},{"name":"Pediatrics Department, Dana-Dwek Children\u2019s Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv 6423906, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.2147\/CCID.S53985","article-title":"Epidemiology, and burden of alopecia areata: A systematic review","volume":"8","author":"Miteva","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin. 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