{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T21:22:59Z","timestamp":1780608179910,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,28]],"date-time":"2025-03-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743120000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"University Hospital of Southern Denmark","award":["OCAY-18-774-OFIL"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["OCAY-18-774-OFIL"]}]},{"name":"Molecular Diagnostics and Clinical Research Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Southern Denmark","award":["OCAY-18-774-OFIL"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["OCAY-18-774-OFIL"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100001275","name":"Oak Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["OCAY-18-774-OFIL"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["OCAY-18-774-OFIL"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100001275","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JPM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), encompassing Crohn\u2019s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), is a complex inflammatory condition affecting the intestinal tract. Currently, immune-modulating treatments are inadequate for 30\u201350% of patients and often cause significant side effects, highlighting the urgent need for a personalized medicine approach. Real-world data and archived gut biological material from clinical repositories could be a resource for identifying new drug candidates and biomarkers. This study assesses the extent of stored formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) gut biopsies from patients with IBD that could be leveraged for research efforts. Methods. Data from the Danish National Patient Register and the Danish Pathology Register were used to construct a cohort of patients diagnosed with IBD between 1 January 2005, and 30 June 2013, and followed for five years. Results. Among 14,512 IBD patients, 13,936 (96%) had at least one biopsy visit within five years after their initial diagnosis (CD 94%, UC 97%), and 13,598 (94%) had their first biopsy visit as part of the diagnostic process. Biopsies were taken from the colon (82%) or multiple locations (46%). Patients with severe disease had more biopsy visits than those with non-severe disease (IBD 3.3 vs. 2.0 visits, CD 2.9 vs. 1.9 visits, UC 3.6 vs. 2.0 visits). Conclusions. Thus, the vast majority of patients with IBD have biopsies taken. These findings demonstrate the feasibility and applicability of combining real-world data and archived gut biopsies for research, highlighting it as a valuable but underutilized resource for identifying new drug candidates and biomarkers, with huge potential for enhancing personalized medicine within IBD for the benefit of patients and society.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm15040129","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,28]],"date-time":"2025-03-28T06:06:35Z","timestamp":1743141995000},"page":"129","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Stored Intestinal Biopsies in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research: A Danish Nationwide Population-Based Register Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-4378-0867","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Heidi Lynge","family":"S\u00f8felt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Diagnostics and Clinical Research Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, 6200 Aabenraa, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jessica","family":"Pingel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Diagnostics and Clinical Research Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, 6200 Aabenraa, Denmark"},{"name":"Winsl\u00f8w Unit for Anatomy, Histology and Plastination, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9131-8991","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Donna Lykke","family":"Wolff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine Research Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, 6200 Aabenraa, Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Research, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, 6200 Aabenraa, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karen Mai","family":"M\u00f8llegaard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Diagnostics and Clinical Research Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, 6200 Aabenraa, Denmark"},{"name":"Institute of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6184-2154","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Silja Hvid","family":"Overgaard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Diagnostics and Clinical Research Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, 6200 Aabenraa, Denmark"},{"name":"Institute of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark"},{"name":"Section for Biostatistics and Evidence-Based Research, The Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, 2000 Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5059-3655","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anders","family":"Green","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Steno Diabetes Center Odense, Odense University Hospital, 5000 Odense, Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gunvor Iben","family":"Madsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pathology, Odense University Hospital, 5000 Odense, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Niels","family":"Qvist","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark"},{"name":"Research Unit for Surgery and Centre of Excellence in Gastrointestinal Diseases and Malformations in Infancy and Childhood (GAIN), Odense University Hospital, 5000 Odense, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sofie Ronja","family":"Petersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Research, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, 6200 Aabenraa, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9521-070X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Trine","family":"Andresen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Diagnostics and Clinical Research Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, 6200 Aabenraa, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andre","family":"Franke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, 24118 Kiel, Germany"},{"name":"University Medical Hospital Schleswig Holstein, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, 24098 Kiel, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0516-9361","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Niels","family":"Marcussen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Pathology, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, 6200 Aabenraa, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robin","family":"Christensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section for Biostatistics and Evidence-Based Research, The Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, 2000 Copenhagen, Denmark"},{"name":"Research Unit of Rheumatology, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense University Hospital, 5000 Odense, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0127-2863","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vibeke","family":"Andersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Diagnostics and Clinical Research Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, 6200 Aabenraa, Denmark"},{"name":"Institute of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark"},{"name":"Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2652","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra2002697","article-title":"Pathophysiology of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases","volume":"383","author":"Chang","year":"2020","journal-title":"N. 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