{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]],"date-time":"2026-07-27T01:39:43Z","timestamp":1785116383431,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,27]],"date-time":"2025-04-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1745712000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JPM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Objective: Global utilization of assisted reproductive technology (ART) is increasing; however, it is associated with adverse perinatal outcomes. Placental and umbilical cord abnormalities contribute significantly to these negative outcomes. However, it remains unclear whether ART independently increases the risk of such abnormalities. This study aimed to investigate the association between ART and key umbilico-placental abnormalities, after adjustment for confounders. Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, singleton pregnancies receiving routine antenatal care (January 2015 to June 2024) at the 3rd Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece, were analyzed. Pregnancies conceived via ART were compared to those conceived spontaneously. To investigate placental and cord anomalies, this study employed multiple logistic regression. This approach adjusted for various confounders, including maternal age, BMI, parity, smoking status, history of previous cesarean section, diabetes mellitus, and thyroid disease. Results: This study included a total of 13,854 singleton pregnancies, of which 647 were conceived via ART. ART was significantly associated with an increased risk of placenta previa (aOR 1.99, 95% CI 1.10\u20133.61), low-lying placenta (aOR 1.71, 95% CI 1.38\u20132.11), bilobate placenta (aOR 2.81, 95% CI 1.92\u20134.11), single umbilical artery (aOR 2.62, 95% CI 1.022\u20136.715), marginal (aOR 1.63, 95% CI 1.32\u20132.01) and velamentous cord insertion (aOR 3.13, 95% CI 1.98\u20134.95), and vasa previa (aOR 5.51, 95% CI 1.28\u201323.76). Conclusions: ART-conceived pregnancies appear to carry a higher risk for certain placental and umbilical cord abnormalities, potentially contributing to adverse perinatal outcomes. Further studies are required to investigate the pathophysiology underlying these associations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm15050176","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,28]],"date-time":"2025-04-28T05:21:31Z","timestamp":1745817691000},"page":"176","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["The Association of Assisted Reproductive Technology with Placental and Umbilical Abnormalities"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Antonios","family":"Siargkas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"3rd Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Agiou Dimitriou, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4337-7871","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ioannis","family":"Tsakiridis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3rd Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Agiou Dimitriou, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sonia","family":"Giouleka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3rd Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Agiou Dimitriou, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8041-2181","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Petya","family":"Chaveeva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Pleven, 5800 Pleven, Bulgaria"},{"name":"Fetal Medicine Unit, Dr. Shterev Hospital, 1330 Sofia, Bulgaria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9993-5249","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria","family":"Mar Gil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, 28223 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital Universitario de Torrej\u00f3n, 28850 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Walter","family":"Plasencia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fetal Medicine Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Canarias, 38320 Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catalina","family":"De Paco Matallana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Biomedical Research of Murcia, IMIB\u2014Arrixaca, El Palmar, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Murcia, 30120 Murcia, Spain"},{"name":"Maternal Fetal Medicine Unit, Department Obstetrics and Gynecology, Virgen de la Arrixaca, 30120 Murcia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Efstratios M.","family":"Kolibianakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Units of Reproductive Endocrinology and Human Reproduction, 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2863-5839","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Themistoklis","family":"Dagklis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3rd Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Agiou Dimitriou, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"hoac022","DOI":"10.1093\/hropen\/hoac022","article-title":"ART in Europe, 2018: Results generated from European registries by ESHRE","volume":"2022","author":"Wyns","year":"2022","journal-title":"Hum. 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