{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T06:23:02Z","timestamp":1787725382102,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,22]],"date-time":"2025-05-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747872000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JPM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) and stress incontinence (SUI) are very common medical conditions, affecting women\u2019s quality of life worldwide. Current surgical and conservative therapies often yield variable outcomes and carry risks of complications or recurrence. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has emerged as a promising regenerative approach in various medical disciplines. Its application in urogynecology remains relatively new and emerging. The objective of this study was to review and consolidate existing evidence regarding the application of PRP injections for treating POP and\/or SUI. Methods: This scoping review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). The search strategy included MEDLINE (PubMed), Web of Science, and Scopus databases, covering articles published up to February 2025, with no restrictions on publication date. Results: We included in our review a total of 13 manuscripts and 320 patients at the end of the screening process. A total of ten SUI studies, comprising 273 patients, and three POP studies, involving 47 patients, satisfied all the review criteria. Both clinical entities reported high subjective improvement following PRP treatment. Moreover, PRP appeared to have no significant adverse effects. Conclusions: Our scoping review suggests that PRP may have potential benefits in the treatment of POP and SUI. Nevertheless, the current evidence on its application in this area remains limited. Therefore, well-designed, large-scale randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with extended follow-up periods are urgently needed, in the era of personalized medicine.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm15060214","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,22]],"date-time":"2025-05-22T07:04:28Z","timestamp":1747897468000},"page":"214","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["PRP Therapy for Stress Urinary Incontinence and Pelvic Organ Prolapse: A New Frontier in Personalized Treatment?"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-5363-3522","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Pitsillidi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of OB\/GYN, Rheinland Klinikum Dormagen, Dr.-Geldmacher-Stra\u00dfe 20, 41540 Dormagen, Germany"},{"name":"Department of OB\/GYN, University of Witten Herdecke, Alfred-Herrhausen-Stra\u00dfe 50, 58455 Witten, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-8701-4004","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura","family":"Vona","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Institute of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Foggia, Via Antonio Gramsci, 89, 71122 Foggia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefano","family":"Bettocchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Institute of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Foggia, Via Antonio Gramsci, 89, 71122 Foggia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sven","family":"Schiermeier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of OB\/GYN, University of Witten Herdecke, Alfred-Herrhausen-Stra\u00dfe 50, 58455 Witten, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G\u00fcnter Karl","family":"No\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of OB\/GYN, Rheinland Klinikum Dormagen, Dr.-Geldmacher-Stra\u00dfe 20, 41540 Dormagen, Germany"},{"name":"Department of OB\/GYN, University of Witten Herdecke, Alfred-Herrhausen-Stra\u00dfe 50, 58455 Witten, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-015-2932-1","article-title":"An International Urogynecological Association (IUGA)\/International Continence Society (ICS) Joint Report on the Terminology for Female Pelvic Organ Prolapse (POP)","volume":"27","author":"Haylen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. Urogynecol. J."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1590\/s1677-5538.ibju.2018.0581","article-title":"Narrative Review of the Epidemiology, Diagnosis and Pathophysiology of Pelvic Organ Prolapse","volume":"46","author":"Weintraub","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. Braz. J. Urol."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1863","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-022-05156-y","article-title":"Long-Term Outcome after Routine Surgery for Pelvic Organ Prolapse\u2014A National Register-Based Cohort Study","volume":"33","author":"Bixo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. Urogynecol. J."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1097\/GCO.0b013e32833e4974","article-title":"Risk Factors for Recurrence of Genital Prolapse","volume":"22","author":"Salvatore","year":"2010","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Obstet. Gynecol."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2004.00471.x","article-title":"Management of Prolapse of the Anterior Compartment","volume":"111","author":"Slack","year":"2004","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1097\/JSM.0b013e31821d0f65","article-title":"A Systematic Review of the Use of Platelet-Rich Plasma in Sports Medicine as a New Treatment for Tendon and Ligament Injuries","volume":"21","author":"Taylor","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin. J. Sport. Med."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1871","DOI":"10.2147\/IJWH.S383651","article-title":"Impact of Female Stress Urinary Incontinence on Quality of Life, Mental Health, Work Limitation, and Healthcare Seeking in China, Taiwan, and South Korea (LUTS Asia): Results from a Cross-Sectional, Population-Based Study","volume":"14","author":"Chow","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Womens Health"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.5001\/omj.2017.33","article-title":"Sexual Life in Women with Stress Urinary Incontinence","volume":"32","author":"Vitale","year":"2017","journal-title":"Oman Med. J."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.20798","article-title":"An International Urogynecological Association (IUGA)\/International Continence Society (ICS) Joint Report on the Terminology for Female Pelvic Floor Dysfunction","volume":"29","author":"Haylen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neurourol. Urodyn."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2019.11.023","article-title":"The New Etiology and Surgical Therapy of Stress Urinary Incontinence in Women","volume":"245","author":"Ostrzenski","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur. J. Obstet. Gynecol. Reprod. Biol."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S21","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.23879","article-title":"Surgery for Female SUI: The ICI Algorithm","volume":"38","author":"Kowalik","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurourol. Urodyn."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2017.12.008","article-title":"Management of Female Stress Urinary Incontinence: A Care Pathway and Update","volume":"109","author":"Capobianco","year":"2018","journal-title":"Maturitas"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1091","DOI":"10.1097\/JU.0000000000003435","article-title":"Updates to Surgical Treatment of Female Stress Urinary Incontinence (SUI): AUA\/SUFU Guideline (2023)","volume":"209","author":"Kobashi","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Urol."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2022.01.045","article-title":"European Association of Urology Guidelines on the Diagnosis and Management of Female Non-Neurogenic Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms. Part 1: Diagnostics, Overactive Bladder, Stress Urinary Incontinence, and Mixed Urinary Incontinence","volume":"82","author":"Nambiar","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur. Urol."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4827(74)90484-4","article-title":"Platelets as a Source of Fibroblast Growth-Promoting Activity","volume":"87","author":"Kohler","year":"1974","journal-title":"Exp. Cell Res."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1111\/wrr.12702","article-title":"Application of Standardized Platelet-rich Plasma in Elderly Patients with Complex Wounds","volume":"27","author":"Tian","year":"2019","journal-title":"Wound Repair. Regen."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147e","DOI":"10.1097\/01.prs.0000239606.92676.cf","article-title":"Platelet-Rich Plasma: A Review of Biology and Applications in Plastic Surgery","volume":"118","author":"Eppley","year":"2006","journal-title":"Plast. Reconstr. Surg."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Streit-Cie\u0107kiewicz, D., Ko\u0142ody\u0144ska, A., Futyma-G\u0105bka, K., Grzybowska, M., Go\u0142acki, J., and Futyma, K. (2022). Platelet Rich Plasma in Gynecology\u2014Discovering Undiscovered\u2014Review. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 19.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19095284"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1097\/BOT.0b013e31817e793f","article-title":"Platelet Rich Concentrate: Basic Science and Current Clinical Applications","volume":"22","author":"Mehta","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Orthop. Trauma."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1563\/1548-1336(2008)34[25:AAOARS]2.0.CO;2","article-title":"Analysis of a Rapid, Simple, and Inexpensive Technique Used to Obtain Platelet-Rich Plasma for Use in Clinical Practice","volume":"34","author":"Rutkowski","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Oral Implant."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1007\/s12178-008-9032-5","article-title":"Platelet Rich Plasma Injection Grafts for Musculoskeletal Injuries: A Review","volume":"1","author":"Sampson","year":"2008","journal-title":"Curr. Rev. Musculoskelet. Med."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.7326\/M18-0850","article-title":"PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR): Checklist and Explanation","volume":"169","author":"Tricco","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann. Intern. Med."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.5213\/inj.2040272.136","article-title":"Therapeutic Efficacy of Urethral Sphincter Injections of Platelet-Rich Plasma for the Treatment of Stress Urinary Incontinence Due to Intrinsic Sphincter Deficiency: A Proof-of-Concept Clinical Trial","volume":"25","author":"Jiang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. Neurourol. J."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.4111\/icu.2018.59.1.61","article-title":"Safety and Feasibility of Platelet Rich Fibrin Matrix Injections for Treatment of Common Urologic Conditions","volume":"59","author":"Matz","year":"2018","journal-title":"Investig. Clin. Urol."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1097\/SPV.0000000000000178","article-title":"Attachment of Primary Vaginal Fibroblasts to Absorbable and Nonabsorbable Implant Materials Coated With Platelet-Rich Plasma","volume":"21","author":"Medel","year":"2015","journal-title":"Female Pelvic Med. Reconstr. Surg."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2017.05.018","article-title":"Platelet Rich Plasma as a Minimally Invasive Approach to Uterine Prolapse","volume":"104","author":"Chrysanthopoulou","year":"2017","journal-title":"Med. Hypotheses"},{"key":"ref_27","first-page":"134","article-title":"An Animal Experimental Study on Pubourethral Ligament Restoration with Platelet Rich Plasma for the Treatment of Stress Urinary Incontinence","volume":"72","author":"Nikolopoulos","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cent. Eur. J. Urol."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gerullis, H., Georgas, E., Eimer, C., Arndt, C., Barski, D., Lammers, B., Klosterhalfen, B., Bor\u00f3s, M., and Otto, T. (2013). Coating with Autologous Plasma Improves Biocompatibility of Mesh Grafts In Vitro: Development Stage of a Surgical Innovation. Biomed. Res. Int., 2013.","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/536814"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"726","DOI":"10.1007\/s12262-020-02459-6","article-title":"Cystocele Repair with Platelet-Rich Plasma","volume":"83","year":"2021","journal-title":"Indian J. Surg."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmig.2008.12.012","article-title":"Use of Autologous Platelet Gel in Female Pelvic Organ Prolapse Surgery: A Feasibility Study","volume":"16","author":"Einarsson","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Minim. Invasive Gynecol."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-012-1667-5","article-title":"New Approach in Vaginal Prolapse Repair: Mini-Invasive Surgery Associated with Application of Platelet-Rich Fibrin","volume":"23","author":"Gorlero","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. Urogynecol. J."},{"key":"ref_32","first-page":"42","article-title":"Platelet-Rich Plasma for the Treatment of Stress Urinary Incontinence\u2014A Randomized Trial","volume":"30","author":"Grigoriadis","year":"2023","journal-title":"Urogynecology"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e668","DOI":"10.1097\/SPV.0000000000001100","article-title":"The Use of Platelet-Rich Plasma as a Novel Nonsurgical Treatment of the Female Stress Urinary Incontinence: A Prospective Pilot Study","volume":"27","author":"Athanasiou","year":"2021","journal-title":"Female Pelvic Med. Reconstr. Surg."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.25365","article-title":"Autologous Platelet Rich Plasma (A-PRP) Combined with Pelvic Floor Muscle Training for the Treatment of Female Stress Urinary Incontinence (SUI): A Randomized Control Clinical Trial","volume":"43","author":"Saraluck","year":"2024","journal-title":"Neurourol. Urodyn."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Long, C.-Y., Lin, K.-L., Shen, C.-R., Ker, C.-R., Liu, Y.-Y., Loo, Z.-X., Hsiao, H.-H., and Lee, Y.-C. (2021). A Pilot Study: Effectiveness of Local Injection of Autologous Platelet-Rich Plasma in Treating Women with Stress Urinary Incontinence. Sci. Rep., 11.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-80598-2"},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2229","DOI":"10.1007\/s00404-024-07431-3","article-title":"The Effect of Injectable Platelet Rich Fibrin as a Nonsurgical Treatment of the Female Stress Urinary Incontinence","volume":"309","author":"Ural","year":"2024","journal-title":"Arch. Gynecol. Obstet."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2024.06.047","article-title":"A Single Injection of Platelet-Rich Plasma Injection for the Treatment of Stress Urinary Incontinence in Females: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial","volume":"193","author":"Ashton","year":"2024","journal-title":"Urology"},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Samy Tahoon, A., El-Din Hussein Salem, H., and Anwar Abdo Mousa, A. (2022, May 10). The Role of Platelet Rich Plasma Injections in Cases of Stress Incontinence. Available online: https:\/\/www.qeios.com\/read\/KG77ZQ.2.","DOI":"10.32388\/KG77ZQ.2"},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Behnia-Willison, F., Nguyen, T.T.T., Norbury, A.J., Mohamadi, B., Salvatore, S., and Lam, A. (2020). Promising Impact of Platelet Rich Plasma and Carbon Dioxide Laser for Stress Urinary Incontinence. Eur. J. Obstet. Gynecol. Reprod. Biol. X, 5.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eurox.2019.100099"},{"key":"ref_40","first-page":"330","article-title":"The Effect of Periurethral Injection of Pure Platelet-Rich Plasma in the Treatment of Urinary Incontinence in Female Patients: A Randomized Clinical Trial","volume":"28","author":"Daneshpajooh","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Kerman Univ. Med. Sci."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chiang, C.-H., and Kuo, H.-C. (2022). The Efficacy and Mid-Term Durability of Urethral Sphincter Injections of Platelet-Rich Plasma in Treatment of Female Stress Urinary Incontinence. Front. Pharmacol., 13.","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2022.847520"},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1193","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0001-6349.2004.00438.x","article-title":"Young Women with Genital Prolapse Have a Low Collagen Concentration","volume":"83","author":"Falconer","year":"2004","journal-title":"Acta Obstet. Gynecol. Scand."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1658","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(96)91489-0","article-title":"Changes in Metabolism of Collagen in Genitourinary Prolapse","volume":"347","author":"Jackson","year":"1996","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1089\/ten.teb.2014.0627","article-title":"Cell Therapy for Stress Urinary Incontinence","volume":"21","author":"Hart","year":"2015","journal-title":"Tissue Eng. Part. B Rev."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1093\/sxmrev\/qead027","article-title":"Platelet-Rich Plasma for the Treatment of Erectile Dysfunction: A Systematic Review of Preclinical and Clinical Studies","volume":"11","author":"Poulios","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sex. Med. Rev."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.4274\/tjod.galenos.2019.23356","article-title":"Platelet-Rich Plasma Administration to the Lower Anterior Vaginal Wall to Improve Female Sexuality Satisfaction","volume":"16","author":"Sukgen","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Turk. Soc. Obstet. Gynecol."}],"container-title":["Journal of Personalized Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2075-4426\/15\/6\/214\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T17:38:13Z","timestamp":1760031493000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2075-4426\/15\/6\/214"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,22]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]}},"alternative-id":["jpm15060214"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jpm15060214","relation":{},"ISSN":["2075-4426"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2075-4426","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,22]]}}}