{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T01:26:12Z","timestamp":1760059572803,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,22]],"date-time":"2025-06-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750550400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JPM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Fetal thigh circumference (ThC) may be a valuable parameter for assessing fetal growth. Thus, this study aimed to establish reference ranges for ThC across gestational ages (GA). Methods: This retrospective study included singleton pregnancies between 12 and 38 weeks of gestation. ThC measurements were obtained during routine ultrasound examinations. GA was confirmed through the last menstrual period and first-trimester crown\u2013rump length measurements. Percentile ranges for ThC were calculated for each gestational week, and statistical analyses evaluated the relationship between ThC and GA. Results: 48,841 singleton pregnancies were included. A positive correlation was observed between ThC and GA, with ThC values increasing progressively from 12 to 38 weeks. The study established the 10th, 50th, and 90th percentile ranges for ThC, providing reference values for clinical assessments. Conclusions: This study provides reference ranges for fetal ThC across a wide GA range, highlighting its potential as a tool in prenatal care. ThC may offer an additional parameter for monitoring fetal growth, especially when standard measurements are challenging. Further research should investigate the integration of ThC with other fetal growth parameters to enhance its clinical utility. Additionally, these nomograms can be used to assess their usefulness in certain conditions, such as intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), macrosomia, and congenital skeletal dysplasias.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm15070265","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,23]],"date-time":"2025-06-23T04:50:05Z","timestamp":1750654205000},"page":"265","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Fetal Thigh Circumference Nomograms Across Gestational Ages: A Retrospective Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7910-0386","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ferdinando Antonio","family":"Gulino","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Department of Human Pathology of Adults and Developmental Age, \u201cG. Martino\u201d University Hospital, 98122 Messina, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-5617-1444","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giorgio","family":"Arcarese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Department of Human Pathology of Adults and Developmental Age, \u201cG. Martino\u201d University Hospital, 98122 Messina, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1818-0105","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giosu\u00e8 Giordano","family":"Incognito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Surgery and Medical Surgical Specialties, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9177-8552","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giuliana","family":"Orlandi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy"},{"name":"Diagnostica Ecografica e Prenatale di A. Di Meglio, 80133 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6151-0683","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Olimpia","family":"Gabrielli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy"},{"name":"Diagnostica Ecografica e Prenatale di A. Di Meglio, 80133 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antonia","family":"Lettieri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Diagnostica Ecografica e Prenatale di A. Di Meglio, 80133 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luigi","family":"Manzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy"},{"name":"Diagnostica Ecografica e Prenatale di A. Di Meglio, 80133 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1314-2812","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura Letizia","family":"Mazzarelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy"},{"name":"Diagnostica Ecografica e Prenatale di A. Di Meglio, 80133 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giordana","family":"Sica","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Diagnostica Ecografica e Prenatale di A. Di Meglio, 80133 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Letizia","family":"Di Meglio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiology Department, School of Medicine, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lavinia","family":"Di Meglio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Department, Bambino Ges\u00f9 Children\u2019s Research Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Attilio","family":"Tuscano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, \u201cBianchi-Melacrino-Morelli\u201d Hospital, 89128 Reggio Calabria, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-9337-4454","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sara","family":"Occhipinti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Surgery and Medical Surgical Specialties, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maurizio","family":"Guida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aniello","family":"Di Meglio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Diagnostica Ecografica e Prenatale di A. Di Meglio, 80133 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Granese, R., Gulino, F.A., Incognito, G.G., Cianci, S., Martinelli, C., and Ercoli, A. (2023). Ultrasonographic Prenatal Diagnosis: Unveiling the Path to Improved Antenatal Care. J. Clin. Med., 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12134450"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Manzo, L., Orlandi, G., Gabrielli, O., Toscano, P., Di Lella, E., Lettieri, A., Mazzarelli, L.L., Sica, G., Di Meglio, L., and Di Meglio, L. (2023). Cerebellar Area: Ultrasound Reference Ranges at 13\u201339 Weeks of Gestation. J. Clin. 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