{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T09:37:57Z","timestamp":1771493877148,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":97,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,16]],"date-time":"2023-10-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1697414400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Scientific Grant Agency of the Ministry of Education, Science, Research and Sport of the Slovak Republic and the Slovak Academy of Sciences (VEGA)","award":["1\/0559\/23"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1\/0559\/23"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Land"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Some knowledge gaps still remain regarding carbon sequestration in non-irrigated agroecosystems, where plants may experience drought stress during summertime. Therefore, by the combination of the eddy covariance (EC) and soil chamber techniques, we determined the role of a non-irrigated grassed vineyard in carbon sequestration in the Slovak Republic. Based on the EC data, the cumulative net uptake of CO2 (NEE) for the whole growing season was weak and was ca. \u221297 (g C m\u22122). This value resulted from \u2212796 (g C m\u22122) carbon uptake from the atmosphere through photosynthesis (GEE) and 699 (g C m\u22122) carbon released to the atmosphere through respiration (Reco). Carbon emissions through Reco were considerable and accounted for ca. 88% of GEE, which points out the importance of Reco for managing non-irrigated agroecosystems. Data from the soil chamber indicated that ca. 302 g C m\u22122 was released by the vineyard through soil respiration (Rsoil) over a growing season, which was constantly lower than Reco and accounted for ca. 44 \u00b1 18% of Reco. This finding implies that the vineyard soil was not a main source of carbon emissions. Rsoil was mainly driven by temperature (exponentially ca. 69\u201385%). Meanwhile, vapour pressure deficit (VPD) and temperature appeared to be the most important limiting factors for GEE, NEE, and Reco, particularly when they exceeded a certain threshold (e.g., temperature &gt; 17 \u00b0C, and VPD &gt; 10 hPa).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/land12101925","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,16]],"date-time":"2023-10-16T05:43:49Z","timestamp":1697435029000},"page":"1925","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Temporal Dynamics of CO2 Fluxes over a Non-Irrigated Vineyard"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4091-7177","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aysan","family":"Badraghi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Landscape Engineering, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovakia"},{"name":"Institute for Environmental Studies, Charles University, Fac. Sci. Benatska 2, 128 00 Prague 2, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4462-4400","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Be\u00e1ta","family":"Novotn\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Landscape Engineering, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovakia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0908-8606","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jan","family":"Frouz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Environmental Studies, Charles University, Fac. Sci. Benatska 2, 128 00 Prague 2, Czech Republic"},{"name":"Institute of Soil Biology and Biogeochemistry, Biology Centre CAS, Na Sadkach 7, 370 05 Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1573-4667","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Koloman","family":"Kri\u0161tof","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Transport and Bioenergetics, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovakia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Trakovick\u00fd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"TRAKO, s.r.o. Pod lesom 11, 949 01 Nitra, Slovakia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Juriga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Agronomic Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovakia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Branislav","family":"Chvila","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Meteorological and Climatological Monitoring, Slovak Hydrometeorological Institute, Jes\u00e9niova 17, 833 15 Bratislava, Slovakia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2957-9071","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leonardo","family":"Montagnani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Piazza Universit\u00e0 1, 39100 Bolzano, Italy"},{"name":"Forest Services, Autonomous Province of Bolzano, Via Brennero 6, 39100 Bolzano, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Stocker, T.F., Qin, D., Plattner, G.K., Tignor, M., Allen, S.K., Boschung, J., Nauels, A., Xia, Y., Bex, V., and Midgley, P.M. 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