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It plays an indispensable role in many cellular pathways, and numerous H4R ligands are being studied for the treatment of several inflammatory, allergic, and autoimmune disorders, including pulmonary fibrosis. Activation of H4R is involved in cytokine production and mediates mast cell activation and eosinophil chemotaxis. The importance of this receptor has also been shown in inflammatory models: peritonitis, respiratory tract inflammation, colitis, osteoarthritis, and rheumatoid arthritis. Recent studies suggest that H4R acts as a modulator in cancer, neuropathic pain, vestibular disorders, and type-2 diabetes, however, its role is still not fully understood.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/life10040050","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,24]],"date-time":"2020-04-24T11:42:14Z","timestamp":1587728534000},"page":"50","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Enigmatic Histamine Receptor H4 for Potential Treatment of Multiple Inflammatory, Autoimmune, and Related Diseases"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2317-273X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pakhuri","family":"Mehta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Chemistry, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Przemys\u0142aw","family":"Miszta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Chemistry, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Przemys\u0142aw","family":"Rzodkiewicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General and Experimental Pathology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1067-4223","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Olga","family":"Michalak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"\u0141ukasiewicz Research Network-Pharmaceutical Research Institute, 01-793 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4978-5887","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Piotr","family":"Krzeczy\u0144ski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"\u0141ukasiewicz Research Network-Pharmaceutical Research Institute, 01-793 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3147-3858","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S\u0142awomir","family":"Filipek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Chemistry, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"580","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.14696","article-title":"Histamine, histamine receptors, and neuropathic pain relief","volume":"177","author":"Obara","year":"2020","journal-title":"Br. 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