{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T03:25:27Z","timestamp":1760239527515,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,27]],"date-time":"2020-11-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606435200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ministry of Science Technology","award":["MOST 106-2320-B-255-003-MY3","MOST 104-2320-B-255-004-MY3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST 106-2320-B-255-003-MY3","MOST 104-2320-B-255-004-MY3"]}]},{"name":"Chang Gung University of Science and Technology","award":["ZRRPF3H0101","ZRRPF3H0111"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZRRPF3H0101","ZRRPF3H0111"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012553","name":"Chang Gung Memorial Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CMRPF1F0011~3","CMRPF1F0061~3","CMRPF1G0241~3","CMRPG3K0161","BMRP450"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CMRPF1F0011~3","CMRPF1F0061~3","CMRPF1G0241~3","CMRPG3K0161","BMRP450"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012553","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Life"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Kan-Lu-Hsiao-Tu-Tan (KLHTT) exhibits anti-psoriatic effects through anti-inflammatory activity in mice. However, the therapeutic effects of KLHTT on rheumatoid arthritis (RA), another significant autoimmune inflammatory disorder, have not been elucidated. Herein, we explored the anti-arthritic effects of KLHTT on collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in mice. Methods: KLHTT was extracted by boiling water and subjected to spectroscopic analysis. Chicken collagen type II (CII) with complete Freund\u2019s adjuvant was intradermally injected to induce CIA in DBA\/1J mice. Anti-CII antibody, cytokines, malondialdehyde (MDA), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) were measured using ELISA, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, and a hydrogen peroxide assay kit. Splenocyte proliferation was tested using thymidine incorporation. Th1 and Th17 cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. Results: Oral KLHTT treatment (50 and 100 mg\/kg) ameliorated mouse CIA by decreasing the levels of interleukin (IL)-1\u03b2, IL-6, IL-17A, and tumour necrosis factor-\u03b1 in the paw homogenates and serum. KLHTT also suppressed anti-CII antibody formation, splenocyte proliferation, and splenic Th1 and Th17 cell numbers. Additionally, KLHTT showed antioxidant activity by reducing the concentrations of MDA and H2O2 in paw tissues. Conclusions: The therapeutic effects of KLHTT in CIA mice were through regulating oxidative stress and inflammatory responses. Our results suggest that KLHTT has potential to treat RA.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/life10120313","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,27]],"date-time":"2020-11-27T09:16:49Z","timestamp":1606468609000},"page":"313","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Aqueous Extract of Kan-Lu-Hsiao-Tu-Tan Ameliorates Collagen-Induced Arthritis in Mice by Inhibiting Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Responses"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Chih-Chao","family":"Chiang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan"},{"name":"Puxin Fengze Chinese Medicine Clinic, Taoyuan 326, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yi-Rong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Changhua Christian Hospital, Thoracic Medicine Research Center, Changhua 500, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7220-6356","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kuei-Hung","family":"Lai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, and Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan"},{"name":"Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5422-7097","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wei-Jen","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan"},{"name":"Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan"},{"name":"School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2942-5937","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shih-Chao","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for Biodefense and Infectious Diseases, School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Manassas, VA 20110, USA"},{"name":"Bachelor Degree Program in Marine Biotechnology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 202, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yi-Hsuan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0135-8798","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Po-Jen","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cosmetic Science, Providence University, Taichung 433, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sien-Hung","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan"},{"name":"Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan"},{"name":"School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1464-0231","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chi-Chien","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biomedical Science, College of Life Sciences, National Chung-Hsing University, 250 Guoguang Road, Taichung 402, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5780-3977","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tsong-Long","family":"Hwang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, and Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan"},{"name":"Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City 243, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1016\/j.berh.2018.10.005","article-title":"Update on the epidemiology, risk factors, and disease outcomes of rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"32","year":"2018","journal-title":"Best Pract. 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