{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,21]],"date-time":"2026-02-21T06:56:47Z","timestamp":1771657007054,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,8]],"date-time":"2021-03-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1615161600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005672","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento do Ensino, Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia do Estado de Mato Grosso do Sul","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["no. 59\/300.046\/2015 and 71\/700.135\/2018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["no. 59\/300.046\/2015 and 71\/700.135\/2018"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005672","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["no. 449464\/2014-8 and 407685\/2018-9"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["no. 449464\/2014-8 and 407685\/2018-9"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Life"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Costus spicatus (Jacq.) Sw. is a medicinal species frequently prescribed for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. This study aims to evaluate the effects of this species against the development of atherosclerosis. Methods: First, an anatomical study of the C. spicatus leaves was performed. Then, the extract (ESCS) was obtained and submitted to phytochemical analysis. Female rats were treated with a single dose of ESCS (2000 mg\/kg) to assess acute toxicity. Other groups of female rats received an atherogenic diet for 60 days. After 30 days, the animals were treated orally with ESCS (30 and 300 mg\/kg), rosuvastatin (5 mg\/kg), or vehicle once daily for 30 days. Serum lipids oxidized low-density lipoprotein, soluble adhesion molecules, interleukins 1\u03b2 and 6, and markers of renal and liver function were measured. Renal function, blood pressure, electrocardiography, and vascular reactivity were also evaluated. Arteries, heart, liver, and kidney were also collected to evaluate the tissue redox state and histopathological analysis. Results: Prolonged treatment with ESCS induces significant hypolipidemic and antioxidant effects, that prevent endothelial dysfunction and modulated the local inflammatory process, reducing the evolution of the atherosclerotic disease. Conclusions: This study provides a scientific basis for the popular use of C. spicatus for the treatment of atherosclerosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/life11030212","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,8]],"date-time":"2021-03-08T12:12:18Z","timestamp":1615205538000},"page":"212","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Atheroprotective Properties of Costus spicatus (Jacq.) Sw. in Female Rats"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6573-7535","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Beth\u00e2nia Rosa","family":"Loren\u00e7one","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pharmacology (LaFaC), Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados 79.804-970, MS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0733-1975","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lucas Pires","family":"Guarnier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pharmacology (LaFaC), Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados 79.804-970, MS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8941-6592","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rhanany Alan Calloi","family":"Palozi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pharmacology (LaFaC), Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados 79.804-970, MS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paulo Vitor Moreira","family":"Rom\u00e3o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pharmacology (LaFaC), Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados 79.804-970, MS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aline Aparecida Macedo","family":"Marques","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pharmacology (LaFaC), Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados 79.804-970, MS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lislaine Maria","family":"Klider","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa 84.030-900, PR, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roosevelt Isaias Carvalho","family":"Souza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pharmacology (LaFaC), Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados 79.804-970, MS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ariany Carvalho","family":"dos Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pharmacology (LaFaC), Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados 79.804-970, MS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cleide Adriane Signor","family":"Tirloni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pharmacology (LaFaC), Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados 79.804-970, MS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nadla Soares","family":"Cassemiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Natural Products and Mass Spectrometry (LaPNEM), Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Food and Nutrition (FACFAN), Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79.070-900, MS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0872-2756","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Denise Brentan","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Natural Products and Mass Spectrometry (LaPNEM), Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Food and Nutrition (FACFAN), Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79.070-900, MS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1873-2253","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jane","family":"Manfron Budel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa 84.030-900, PR, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3433-5098","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arquimedes","family":"Gasparotto Junior","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pharmacology (LaFaC), Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados 79.804-970, MS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.4103\/2231-4040.104709","article-title":"Natural products derived from plants as a source of drugs","volume":"3","author":"Veeresham","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. 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