{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]],"date-time":"2026-06-25T19:05:03Z","timestamp":1782414303102,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,30]],"date-time":"2021-07-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1627603200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013428","name":"Stichting Spieren voor Spieren","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SvS15-"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SvS15-"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013428","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007423","name":"Duchenne Parent Project","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["grant 2016 on non-motor problems in Duchenne"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["grant 2016 on non-motor problems in Duchenne"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007423","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Life"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Introduction: Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and gastrointestinal (GI) problems are common in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), but not systematically assessed in regular care. We aimed to determine the prevalence of bladder and bowel dysfunction (BBD) in DMD patients compared with healthy controls (HC). Methods: The Childhood Bladder and Bowel Dysfunction Questionnaire (CBBDQ) based on the International Rome III criteria and the International Children\u2019s Continence Society was filled out by 57 DMD patients and 56 HC. Additionally, possible associations of BBD with, for example, medication use or quality of life were evaluated in an additional questionnaire developed by experts. Results: In 74% of patients versus 56% of HC \u2265 1 LUTS (n.s.) were reported, 68% of patients versus 39% of HC reported \u22651 bowel symptom (p = 0.002) and 53% of patients versus 30% of HC reported combined LUTS and bowel symptoms (p = 0.019). A negative impact of BBD on daily life functioning was reported by 42% of patients. Conclusions: These data underscore that standard screening for BBD is needed and that the CBBDQ could be of added value to optimize DMD care.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/life11080772","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,30]],"date-time":"2021-07-30T12:59:24Z","timestamp":1627649964000},"page":"772","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Prevalence of Bladder and Bowel Dysfunction in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy Using the Childhood Bladder and Bowel Dysfunction Questionnaire"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Judith M.","family":"Lionarons","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Maastricht University Medical Center, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands"},{"name":"School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Imelda J. M.","family":"de Groot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Duchenne Center Netherlands, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johanna M.","family":"Fock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sylvia","family":"Klinkenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Maastricht University Medical Center, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Desiree M. J.","family":"Vrijens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Maastricht University Medical Center, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anita C. E.","family":"Vreugdenhil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Maastricht University Medical Center, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands"},{"name":"School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Evita G.","family":"Medici-van den Herik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Inge","family":"Cuppen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bregje","family":"Jaeger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5892-5143","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Erik H.","family":"Niks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Duchenne Center Netherlands, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rinske","family":"Hoogerhuis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Youth Healthcare Center South Limburg, 6411 TE Heerlen, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicky","family":"Platte-van Attekum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Youth Healthcare Center South Limburg, 6411 TE Heerlen, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frans J. M.","family":"Feron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Social Medicine, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catharina G.","family":"Faber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Maastricht University Medical Center, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands"},{"name":"School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos G. M.","family":"Hendriksen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Duchenne Center Netherlands, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Center for Neurological Learning Disabilities, Kempenhaeghe, 5591 VE Heeze, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johan S. H.","family":"Vles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3175","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awp236","article-title":"Prevalence of genetic muscle disease in Northern England: In-depth analysis of a muscle clinic population","volume":"132","author":"Norwood","year":"2009","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2025","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)32910-1","article-title":"Muscular dystrophies","volume":"394","author":"Mercuri","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1007\/s10654-020-00613-8","article-title":"Life expectancy at birth in Duchenne muscular dystrophy: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"35","author":"Landfeldt","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur. 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