{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]],"date-time":"2026-03-20T13:39:09Z","timestamp":1774013949858,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":85,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,7]],"date-time":"2021-10-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633564800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Life"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Both periodontal disease and atherosclerosis are chronic disorders with an inflammatory substrate that leads to alteration of the host\u2019s immune response. In PD, inflammation is responsible for bone tissue destruction, while in atherosclerosis, it leads to atheromatous plaque formation. These modifications result from the action of pro-inflammatory cytokines that are secreted both locally at gingival or coronary sites, and systemically. Recently, it was observed that in patients with PD or with cardiovascular disease, COVID-19 infection is prone to be more severe. While the association between PD, inflammation and cardiovascular disease is well-known, the impact of COVID-19-related inflammation on the systemic complications of these conditions has not been established yet. The purpose of this review is to bring light upon the latest advances in understanding the link between periodontal\u2013cardiovascular diseases and COVID-19 infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/life11101050","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,8]],"date-time":"2021-10-08T21:23:55Z","timestamp":1633728235000},"page":"1050","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Is There a Link between COVID-19 Infection, Periodontal Disease and Acute Myocardial Infarction?"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Ioana-Patricia","family":"Rodean","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic of Cardiology, Emergency Clinical County Hospital, 540136 T\u00e2rgu Mure\u0219, Romania"},{"name":"Center of Advanced Research in Multimodality Cardiac Imaging, CardioMed Medical Center, 540124 T\u00e2rgu Mure\u0219, Romania"},{"name":"\u201cGeorge Emil Palade\u201d University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology, 540139 T\u00e2rgu Mure\u0219, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carmen-Ioana","family":"Biri\u0219","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"\u201cGeorge Emil Palade\u201d University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology, 540139 T\u00e2rgu Mure\u0219, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6793-9248","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vasile-Bogdan","family":"Hala\u021biu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic of Cardiology, Emergency Clinical County Hospital, 540136 T\u00e2rgu Mure\u0219, Romania"},{"name":"Center of Advanced Research in Multimodality Cardiac Imaging, CardioMed Medical Center, 540124 T\u00e2rgu Mure\u0219, Romania"},{"name":"\u201cGeorge Emil Palade\u201d University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology, 540139 T\u00e2rgu Mure\u0219, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrei","family":"Modiga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"\u201cGeorge Emil Palade\u201d University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology, 540139 T\u00e2rgu Mure\u0219, Romania"},{"name":"UPU-SMURD, Emergency Clinical County Hospital, 540136 T\u00e2rgu Mure\u0219, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lumini\u021ba","family":"Laz\u0103r","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"\u201cGeorge Emil Palade\u201d University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology, 540139 T\u00e2rgu Mure\u0219, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Imre","family":"Benedek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic of Cardiology, Emergency Clinical County Hospital, 540136 T\u00e2rgu Mure\u0219, Romania"},{"name":"Center of Advanced Research in Multimodality Cardiac Imaging, CardioMed Medical Center, 540124 T\u00e2rgu Mure\u0219, Romania"},{"name":"\u201cGeorge Emil Palade\u201d University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology, 540139 T\u00e2rgu Mure\u0219, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Theodora","family":"Benedek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic of Cardiology, Emergency Clinical County Hospital, 540136 T\u00e2rgu Mure\u0219, Romania"},{"name":"Center of Advanced Research in Multimodality Cardiac Imaging, CardioMed Medical Center, 540124 T\u00e2rgu Mure\u0219, Romania"},{"name":"\u201cGeorge Emil Palade\u201d University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology, 540139 T\u00e2rgu Mure\u0219, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"893","DOI":"10.7754\/Clin.Lab.2020.191146","article-title":"The prevalence of periodontal pathogenic bacteria in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease","volume":"66","author":"Gode","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin. 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