{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,27]],"date-time":"2025-10-27T20:53:01Z","timestamp":1761598381440,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,19]],"date-time":"2021-10-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1634601600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100014434","name":"Narodowa Agencja Wymiany Akademickiej","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PPN\/BIL\/2018\/1\/00250\/U\/0001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PPN\/BIL\/2018\/1\/00250\/U\/0001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100014434","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UIDB\/00276\/2020","PTDC\/CVT-REP\/4202\/2014","SFRH\/BD\/101058\/2014"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/00276\/2020","PTDC\/CVT-REP\/4202\/2014","SFRH\/BD\/101058\/2014"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Life"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Cathepsin G (CAT) is a protease released by neutrophils when forming neutrophil extracellular traps that was already associated with inducing type I collagen (COL1) in equine endometrium in vitro. Endometrosis is a fibrotic condition mainly characterized by COL1 deposition in the equine endometrium. The objective was to evaluate if noscapine (an alkaloid for cough treatment with anti-neoplastic and anti-fibrotic properties) would reduce COL1A2 transcription (evaluated by qPCR) and COL1 protein relative abundance (evaluated by western blot) induced by CAT in equine endometrial explants from follicular and mid-luteal phases treated for 24 or 48 h. The explants treated with CAT increased COL1 expression. Noscapine decreased COL1A2 transcription at both estrous cycle phases, but COL1 relative protein only at the follicular phase, both induced by CAT. Additionally, the noscapine anti-fibrotic action was found to be more effective in the follicular phase. The CAT treatment caused more fibrosis at the longest period of treatment, while noscapine acted better at the shortest time of treatment. Our results showed that noscapine could act as an anti-fibrotic drug in equine endometrosis by inhibiting CAT in vitro. Noscapine offers a new promising therapeutic tool for treating fibrosis as a single non-selective agent to be considered in the future.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/life11101107","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,20]],"date-time":"2021-10-20T03:01:13Z","timestamp":1634698873000},"page":"1107","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["The Inhibitory Effect of Noscapine on the In Vitro Cathepsin G-Induced Collagen Expression in Equine Endometrium"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0075-262X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana","family":"Amaral","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CIISA\u2014Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal, Departamento de Morfologia e Fun\u00e7\u00e3o, Faculdade de Medicina Veterin\u00e1ria, Universidade de Lisboa, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carina","family":"Fernandes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIISA\u2014Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal, Departamento de Morfologia e Fun\u00e7\u00e3o, Faculdade de Medicina Veterin\u00e1ria, Universidade de Lisboa, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Sz\u00f3stek-Mioduchowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Science, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2476-8818","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karolina","family":"Lukasik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Science, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4389-445X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Rosa","family":"Rebord\u00e3o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIISA\u2014Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal, Departamento de Morfologia e Fun\u00e7\u00e3o, Faculdade de Medicina Veterin\u00e1ria, Universidade de Lisboa, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal"},{"name":"Polytechnic of Coimbra, Coimbra Agriculture School, Bencanta, 3045-601 Coimbra, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9442-7539","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pedro","family":"Pinto-Bravo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Polytechnic of Coimbra, Coimbra Agriculture School, Bencanta, 3045-601 Coimbra, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9537-3560","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dariusz Jan","family":"Skarzynski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Science, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0622-6513","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gra\u00e7a","family":"Ferreira-Dias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIISA\u2014Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal, Departamento de Morfologia e Fun\u00e7\u00e3o, Faculdade de Medicina Veterin\u00e1ria, Universidade de Lisboa, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1532","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1092385","article-title":"Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Kill Bacteria","volume":"303","author":"Brinkmann","year":"2004","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1053","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2007.12.034","article-title":"Single Residue Determines the Specificity of Neutrophil Elastase for Shigella Virulence Factors","volume":"377","author":"Averhoff","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. 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